人機(jī)工程與綠色設(shè)計(參考版)
2025-03-07 05:04本頁面
【正文】 ? Reduce, with the ultimate goal of eliminating, toxic and otherwise harmful emissions to the environment, including emissions contributing to global warming. ? Use less material** ? Use materials with less environmental impact ? Use fewer resources ? Produce less pollution and waste ? Reduce the impacts of distribution ? Optimise functionality and service life ? Make reuse and recycling easier ? Reduce the environmental impact of disposal Key environmental considerations *Systems Thinking ? Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a technique for tracing out all the environmental effects and resource needs of a new product or process through the material suppliers, through manufacture, use and disposal ? Material Flows and Cycles is a technique for tracing material use and location over time. In tracing materials flows, it is important to be clear about the boundaries of analysis and the uncertainty of mass measurements. *Sustainable Product Design ? Five factors have been identified for perfect sustainable product design. ? Cyclic ? Solar ? Safe ? Efficient ? Social Minimising Waste Production ? Waste is lost profit. ? The four r’s can help reduce waste. ? Reduce ? Reuse ? Recycle ? Recover Reduce ? Reduce the amount of materials used for the product. ? Reduce the amount of materials used for the packaging. ? Can be done by using: ? Lighter weight of materials ? Only one type of packaging material ? Packaging fits around the product Reuse ? Reusing containers stops need for: ? New packaging ? Recycling (as it costs money) ? Collection (as it costs money) ? Washing and refilling should be less than that of producing a new container. Recycle ? Designers must consider design for recycling and the product’s life cycle. ? Components should be recycled and recyclable. Recover ? When a product is discarded and put into a landfill site energy is lost. ? This energy can be recovered through incineration in specialised power stations. Green Design Methods and Tools ? Mass balance analysis ? Green Indices ? Design for disassembly and recycling aids ? Risk analysis ? Material selection and label advisors ? Full cost accounting methodologies Responsibilities of the Designer ? What are some of the moral and social responsibilities of designers in relation to green design issues? ? Consider issues relating to: ? waste ? Pollution ? Resources ? market forces ? wealth creation. 為良善人生而設(shè)計，用良善設(shè)計服務(wù)于大眾人生。s metho
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