廈門市xxxx年初中生學(xué)業(yè)水平考試title(參考版)
2025-03-01 01:38本頁面
【正文】 2023年 3月 18日星期六 1時(shí) 37分 34秒 01:37:3418 March 2023 ? 1一個(gè)人即使已登上頂峰，也仍要自強(qiáng)不息。 2023年 3月 18日星期六 上午 1時(shí) 37分 34秒 01:37: ? 1最具挑戰(zhàn)性的挑戰(zhàn)莫過于提升自我。勝人者有力，自勝者強(qiáng)。 :37:3401:37Mar2318Mar23 ? 1越是無能的人，越喜歡挑剔別人的錯(cuò)兒。 , March 18, 2023 ? 閱讀一切好書如同和過去最杰出的人談話。 2023年 3月 18日星期六 1時(shí) 37分 34秒 01:37:3418 March 2023 ? 1空山新雨后，天氣晚來秋。 。 :37:3401:37:34March 18, 2023 ? 1意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人能把世界放在手中像泥塊一樣任意揉捏。 :37:3401:37Mar2318Mar23 ? 1世間成事，不求其絕對(duì)圓滿，留一份不足，可得無限完美。 , March 18, 2023 ? 很多事情努力了未必有結(jié)果，但是不努力卻什么改變也沒有。 2023年 3月 18日星期六 1時(shí) 37分 34秒 01:37:3418 March 2023 ? 1做前，能夠環(huán)視四周；做時(shí)，你只能或者最好沿著以腳為起點(diǎn)的射線向前。 。 :37:3401:37:34March 18, 2023 ? 1他鄉(xiāng)生白發(fā)，舊國(guó)見青山。 :37:3401:37Mar2318Mar23 ? 1故人江海別，幾度隔山川。 , March 18, 2023 ? 雨中黃葉樹，燈下白頭人。 P5=({p3,p4}, Student_Loan ? DELIV)。 p3= ({p2}, Student_Loan ? Federal_Ine_Tax_Return())。 even if the user has access, does the user have a need to know? ? Post 9/11 the emphasis is on need to share User may not have access, but needs the data ? Do we give the data to the user and then analyze the consequences ? Do we analyze the consequences and then determine the actions to take ? Do we simply not give the data to the user ? What are risks involved? RBAC ? Access to information sources including structured and unstructured data both within the anization and external to the anization ? Access based on roles ? Hierarchy of roles: handling conflicts ? Controlled dissemination and sharing of the data RBAC (Sandhu) UCON ? RBAC model is incorporated into UCON and useful for various applications Authorization ponent ? Obligations Obligations are actions required to be performed before an access is permitted Obligations can be used to determine whether an expensive knowledge search is required ? Attribute Mutability Used to control the scope of the knowledge search ? Condition Can be used for resource usage policies to be relaxed or tightened UCON (Sandhu) Rolebased Usage Control (RBUC) RBAC with UCON extension O p e r a t i o n s( O P )A u t h o r iz a t i o n s( A )●●S e s s i o n s( S )●O b j e c t A t t r i b u t e s ( O A )O b l i g at i o n s( B )C o n d it i o n s( C )U s a g e D e c i s i o n sR o l e s( R )U s e r s( U )O b j e c t s( O )S e s s i o n A t t r i b u t e s ( S A )U s e r R o l e A s s i g n m e n t ( U R A )P e m i s s i o n R o l e A s s i g n m e n t ( P R A )P e m i s s i o n s ( P )R o l e H i e r a c h y ( R H )U s e r A t t r i b u t e s ( U A )Release and Dissemination Policies ? Release policies will determine to whom to release the data What is the connection to access control Is access control sufficient Once the data is retrieved from the information source (., database) should it be released to the user ? Once the data is released, dissemination policies will determine who the data can be given to Electronic music, etc. ABAC: Attributebased Access Control ? User specifies his/her attributes (., gender, citizenship) ? Policies would specify access based on user credentials ? Open environment ? XACML Risk Based Data Sharing/Access Control ? What are the risks involved in releasing/disseminating the data ? Risk modeling should be integrated with the access control model ? Simple method: assign risk values ? Higher the risk, lower the sharing ? What is the cost of releasing the data? ? Cost/Risk/Security closely related Trust Management ? Trust Services Identify services, authorization services, reputation services ? Trust negotiation (TN) Digital credentials, Disclosure policies ? TN Requirements Language requirements ?Semantics, constraints, policies System requirements ?Credential ownership, validity, alternative negotiation strategies, privacy ? Example TN systems KeyNote and TrustX (U of Milan), TrustBuilder (UIUC) Trust Management The problem: establishing trust in open systems ? Mutual authentication Assumption on the counterpart honesty no longer holds Both par
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