【正文】 s worked out, we39。re doing some horizontal types of machining and turning on ductile housings, says Reeb. We39。s patented HydroGlide hydrostatic linear guideway system, the Quest CNC lathes have the rigidity and precision required for hard turning, as well as the improved crash protection that hydrostatic design offers.The concept of done in one rules today, especially as plex parts can be machined from bar stock or from solid, often eliminating the leadtime and expense involved to design and produce castings and forgings. Manufacturers have been quick to recognize and study their potential for maintaining critical tolerances between features by eliminating multiple setups and the time and accuracy lost moving from operation to operation.At its Technical Center, Caterpillar Inc. (Peoria, IL) works in alliance with its machine tool suppliers to evaluate the potential of equipment and processes that can range from prototype work to production for nextgeneration Caterpillar equipment, according to Jim Reeb, director of manufacturing research and development. Caterpillar is currently working with Cincinnati Lamb39。附錄 February 2006 Vol. 136 No. 2Multitasking MachiningDoneinone setup makes parts better Jim Lorincz, Senior EditorTo order a hardcopy reproduction of this article, click here. To purchase digital reprints or reproduction licenses, please contact the resource center at service or call (800) 7334763. Hardened gear wheels (RC 6265) are rough and finishturned and finishground, drilled, threaded, and broached on an EMAG VSC 250 DS machine. Multifunction machine tools have been around long enough in various configurations for manufacturers to appreciate their potential for costsaving, quality production of parts from miniature connectors to transmission housings for offhighway equipment. Development of true multitasking machines, however, has removed them from the category of special machines.Manufacturers have made them one of the fastest growing categories of CNC machine tools because they improve petitiveness. They offer the flexibility to meet justintime delivery of a variety of parts in smaller lot sizes. They consolidate the processes of many machines, improve accuracy, and save time formerly required for multiple setups as work was moved from machine to machine and operation to operation. Finally, they employ resources of people and capital equipment more efficiently, a definite plus that the most astute accountants can appreciate.The most familiar multitasking machines are NC lathes with live tools in the turret, millturns, and Swiss turning centers. NC lathes with a Y axis that allows turrets to move from side to side have full milling or drilling capability. They can mill, drill, and machine off the spindle centerline. A B axis allows rotation around the Y axis for drilling at an angle or contour milling.sand dollars to over a million dollars. That hardly qualifies them as modity machines。最后，臨此畢業(yè)之際，對(duì)四年以來(lái)，一起陪伴著、關(guān)心我的機(jī)械系老師道一聲深深的感謝。也使我能更好地查閱資料，是一次很好的實(shí)踐練兵，鍛煉了我獨(dú)立分析問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題的能力，對(duì)我以后繼續(xù)深造的一次良好契機(jī)，我感觸多多。通過(guò)此設(shè)計(jì)，我重新?lián)炝怂鶎W(xué)的專業(yè)知識(shí)：機(jī)構(gòu)的連接、安裝、定位、配合；也了解了其基本的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)知識(shí)、動(dòng)力學(xué)相關(guān)零件的較核，還有設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)構(gòu)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性、可靠性、合理性、優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)等知識(shí)?！兜V山機(jī)械》，1985[13].：礦山機(jī)械，198[10]Shigley J E,Uicher J of machines and York:McGrawHill Book Company,1980致謝簡(jiǎn)擺顎式破碎機(jī)是一種在礦山工程和建設(shè)工程中廣泛使用的破碎機(jī)構(gòu)，這是因?yàn)槠浣Y(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單緊湊、偏心軸傳動(dòng)件受力較小、動(dòng)顎垂直位移較小、加工時(shí)物料較少有過(guò)度破碎的現(xiàn)象、動(dòng)顎顎板的磨損較小，而我的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)課題是根據(jù)生產(chǎn)能力、進(jìn)料口尺寸、硬度、堆積密度等設(shè)計(jì)出合理的機(jī)構(gòu)，因而對(duì)我的專業(yè)知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)與應(yīng)用都具有重大的意義。北京：冶金工業(yè)出版社，1979[11]。C。2） 給料最大粒度應(yīng)符合設(shè)計(jì)確定。4） 所有摩擦部位無(wú)檫傷、掉屑和研磨現(xiàn)象，無(wú)不正常響聲。C2） 所有緊固件應(yīng)牢固，無(wú)松動(dòng)現(xiàn)象。當(dāng)確認(rèn)全部正常無(wú)誤之后，方能開(kāi)車(chē)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。破碎機(jī)經(jīng)修理裝配后，便進(jìn)入試動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)階段。由于機(jī)架前壁內(nèi)側(cè)不加工，所以在定腭齒板背面與機(jī)架前臂之間，最好墊一層軟金屬墊片，確保兩者緊密貼合。齒板是破碎機(jī)中磨損最快的，需要經(jīng)常更換的零件。機(jī)架上的滑動(dòng)軸承和動(dòng)腭懸掛軸滑動(dòng)軸承的傾斜度，；。先把滑動(dòng)軸承研配好，然后放入機(jī)架軸承座中，測(cè)量其斜度和同軸度的偏差值。當(dāng)肘板磨損或折斷后,:松開(kāi)拉桿彈簧螺母,取下彈簧,用鏈條或鋼絲繩栓在動(dòng)腭下部,再用手葫蘆拉動(dòng)鋼絲繩,使動(dòng)腭靠近定腭,此時(shí)肘板會(huì)自動(dòng)落下舊肘板拆除后,再用鋼絲繩將新肘板拉入肘板座中,放松手葫蘆,使肘板和肘板座緊密接觸,然后裝上拉桿和彈簧此時(shí)肘板支持在肘板座中,便可拆除手葫蘆。如連桿上殼與連桿間加上襯墊后，由于配合不嚴(yán)有漏油產(chǎn)生時(shí)，應(yīng)補(bǔ)加襯墊。連桿應(yīng)在主軸承與偏心軸軸頸研配好后裝配。最后一次裝軸時(shí)，應(yīng)在軸承和軸頸上加一些潤(rùn)滑油。偏心軸和軸承的安裝裝機(jī)前，將滑動(dòng)軸承研配好后，再放入軸承座內(nèi)，用水平儀測(cè)量其水平度和同軸度的偏差值，如在允許范圍內(nèi)，可把偏心軸放到軸承上。機(jī)架安裝在基礎(chǔ)上的橫向水平度，；縱向水平度。機(jī)架聯(lián)結(jié)螺栓裝配時(shí)，最好加熱到300400176。機(jī)架安裝在基礎(chǔ)上或在木座上的橫向和縱向水平度應(yīng)符合要求，機(jī)架底腳與基礎(chǔ)間的墊板必須平整、均勻和穩(wěn)固。安裝過(guò)程中認(rèn)真仔細(xì)閱讀調(diào)整各聯(lián)結(jié)部分，特別是肘板、偏心軸和動(dòng)腭懸掛軸之間的平行度，不允許超過(guò)規(guī)定的范圍。低級(jí)2的周?chē)凶銐虻目臻g，以便維護(hù)、修理 破碎機(jī)和放置工具。設(shè)計(jì)地基時(shí)，應(yīng)該考慮產(chǎn)品運(yùn)輸帶、更換肘板和修理調(diào)整裝置等所占用的空間，同時(shí)也要留出安裝埋頭地基螺栓所用的通入口。地基的重量應(yīng)該是機(jī)器重量的3至5倍。地基要與廠房的地基隔開(kāi)，一避免破碎機(jī)的振動(dòng)傳給廠房。 所以采用潤(rùn)滑油潤(rùn)滑。由公式得（《機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》，成大先主編，）：式中：p軸頸上的平均壓強(qiáng)，Mpa。3. 驗(yàn)算滑動(dòng)速度(單位為) 所以得： 符合要求。 其它值同前。軸承的發(fā)熱量與其單位面積上的摩擦功耗成正比（是摩擦系數(shù)），限制值是限制軸承的溫升。 算得： 符合要求。 軸承的驗(yàn)算1. 驗(yàn)算軸承的平均壓力p(單位為Mpa)（、）。 圖 63 其余尺寸同上。、 曲柄臂曲柄臂的慣性矩。取 (見(jiàn)教材).求得: 所以: 所以綜合分析:強(qiáng)度符合要求.3. 曲軸剛度的計(jì)算計(jì)算公式見(jiàn)（鍛壓設(shè)備理論與控制，李永堂等主編）：簡(jiǎn)化式為: { }式中 E彈性模量,鋼曲軸。 連桿系數(shù)。又有公式：注： R曲柄半徑。所以得：在BB 截面上也受到彎扭聯(lián)合作用，但此扭矩比彎矩大的多，故忽略彎矩的影響。 圖52 圖62在曲軸頸上，除受彎矩作用外，尚受到扭矩的作用，應(yīng)按彎扭合成作用計(jì)算，但由于彎矩比扭矩大的多，故忽略扭矩的應(yīng)力。2. 曲軸的強(qiáng)度校核對(duì)載荷做以下簡(jiǎn)化：（1）齒輪對(duì)曲軸的作用力比連桿對(duì)它的作用力小的多，可忽略不計(jì)。6) 圓角半徑取 。4) 曲柄兩臂外側(cè)面間的長(zhǎng)度 。2) 曲柄徑直徑 取 。