【正文】 s agriculture. If we could actively make full use of the opportunities, China’s agriculture would leap into a new stage.In conclusion, both challenges and opportunities exist in China’s agriculture industry after entering WTO. As a member of WTO, China has taken and will take an active part in the multilateral trade negotiations and formulated rules to gain a more stable environment for the trade of agricultural products. Also China has expanded the export of agricultural products with advantages and the import of funds, technology and modern managerial skills at a larger scale, which were helpful to utilize global market and resources and adjust the structure of agricultural production. On the other hand, the challenge and pressure were formidable, and especially staple agricultural products would face great pressure from world market. Domestic production was partially substituted by imports, which deprived agriculture of considerable employment opportunity. China’s entry into WTO has placed great pressure on rural employment. In a wo。s agricultural exports. Challenges of AntidumpingAnti dumping was a measure to rectify the situation arising out of the dumping of goods and its trade distortive effect. Thus, the purpose of anti dumping duty was to rectify the trade distortive effect of dumping and reestablish fair trade. The use of anti dumping measure as an instrument of fair petition was permitted by the WTO. In fact, anti dumping was an instrument for ensuring fair trade and was not a measure of protection for the domestic industry. It provided relief to the domestic industry against the injury caused by dumping. In recent years, the vegetables, fruits, aquatic products and other products rely on its price advantage in foreign trade. And the trade of agricultural products remains surplus. Historically, the antidumping investigation and the trade deficit showed close correlation. China had advantage in labor force and laborintensive agricultural products, which made China be in a good position in the foreign trade. As some countries still regarded China as nonmarket economies and took discriminatory policies. In addition, the export of China’s agricultural products was concentrated in Asia market, and lots of enterprises expanded export blind and sold the identical products at a lower price in the foreign market than in the home market, which caused unequal petition. Hence, China was easy to stir up antidumping incidents.3. Countermeasures China was trying to find a suitable method for the import and export of agricultural products. Joining to the WTO was vital not only to the development of rural areas, but also to the national economic growth in the new century. But how to better develop China39。s agriculture. Therefore, we must recognize the negative influence caused by WTO and make corresponding countermeasures. The negative influences are showed in the following aspects. The Influx of Foreign Agricultural ProductsThe influx of foreign agricultural products put heavy pressure on farmers’ ine. China had mitted that the average tariff rates on agricultural products would be reduced from % to17% in 2004. Also China had mitted to eliminate all nontariff measures on wheat, rice, corn, cotton, soybean oil, sugar, wool and other important agricultural products, to implement a tariff rate quota system. And the implementation on tariff rate quota has caused an increase in the imports of agricultural products, thus leading to the low selfsufficiency of agricultural products. Farmer’s ine could be pounded certainly. Structure of Agricultural Production The production of staple agricultural products such as wheat, corn, soybean, cotton, rape and other crop lost parative advantage by the end of 1990s. Firstly, the production cost of domestic resources for producing these products was higher than that in the international market. And the production cost of per kilogram wheat was times than United States’s, times than Argentina’s, over 2 times than Canada’s. Corn was times than United States and Argentina’s. Soybean times than United States and Argentina’s. Rapeseed was over 2 times than Canada’s. Secondly, China has cancelled the export subsidies for agricultural products. However, according to WTO Agreement on Agriculture, the European Union and United States have gradually eliminated the export subsidies which caused the unequal petition of agricultural exports to some extent. As the government39。s exports of agricultural products. Multiple Interactions of Foreign TradeWTO Agreement on Agriculture has ended the import monopoly status by ensuring the trade share of private trading entity, which could greatly stimulate the initiative and operating vitality of stateowned trading entities, promote the reform, development of stateowned enterprises, and improve the petitiveness of the stateowned agricultural trade entity. WTO provided the powerful supervision mechanism for the reform and operation of China39。s growing food demand and supply. Internationalization of AgricultureThe internationalization of agriculture referred to participate in the international division of agricultural production, make the agricultural resources allocated at the international level, arrange production in terms of the international and domestic market demand, adjust the structure of agricultural products, strengthen the cooperation among nations, introduce good crops , livestock and poultry breed from abroad, improve the quality and quantity of the agricultural products, and enhance petitiveness of China39。s aquatic products, vegetables, fruits and other laborintensive goods were exported greatly. The exports rate were up to %, 11%, and % respectively. On the other hand, due to the shortage of agricultural resources, insufficient investment and backward production mode directly restricted the development of agriculture and product supply capabilities, thus the actual cost of food