【正文】 32 microputers chips have the very high integration rate more importantly, very high operating frequency and putation speed, very big addressing space, rich mand system and many inputs outlet. The cpu register, the data bus, the address bus all are 32, has the memory management function, the memory protection function and the duty tr。s function. Huazhong University of Science and Technology, southeast the university, the North China electric power institute, the Xian Jiaotong University, the Tianjin University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, the Chongqing University and the Nanjing electric power automation research institute one after another has all developed the different principle, the different pattern microputer protective device. In 1984 the original North China electric power institute developed the transmission line microputer protective device first through the appraisal, and in the system the find application, had opened in our country relay protection history the new page, protected the promotion for the microputer to pave the way. In the host equipment protection aspect, the generator which southeast the university and Huazhong University of Science and Technology develops loses magnetism protection, the generator protection and the generator?Bank of transformers protection also one after another in 1989, in 1994 through appraisal, investment movement. The Nanjing electric power automation research institute develops microputer line protective device also in 1991 through appraisal. The Tianjin University and the Nanjing electric power automation plant cooperation development microputer phase voltage pensated the type direction high frequency protection, the Xian Jiaotong University and the Xu Chang relay factory cooperation development positive sequence breakdown ponent direction high frequency protection also one after another in 1993, in 1996 through the appraisal. Heres, the different principle, the different type microputer line and the host equipment protect unique, provided one batch of new generation of performance for the electrical power system fine, the function has been plete, the work reliable relay protection installment. Along with the microputer protective device research, in microputer aspect and so on protection software, algorithm has also yielded the very many theories result. May say started our country relay protection technology from the 9039。s still were in the dominant position, this was the integrated circuit protection time. The integrated electricity road work frequency conversion quantity direction develops which in this aspect Nanjing electric power automation research institute high frequency protected the vital role , the Tianjin University and the Nanjing electric power automation plant cooperation development integrated circuit phase voltage pensated the type direction high frequency protection also moves in multi strip 220kv and on the 500kv line.Our country namely started the puter relay protection research from the end of the 7039。s, started based on the integration operational amplifier integrated circuit protection to study. Has formed the plete series to at the end of 8039。s to the 8039。s. This is a time which the mechanical and electrical relay protection prospers, was our country relay protection technology development has laid the solid foundation.From the end of the 5039。s, our country engineers and technicians creatively absorption, the digestion, have grasped the overseas advanced relay protection equipment performance and the movement technology , pleted to have the deep relay protection theory attainments and the rich movement experience relay protection technical team, and grew the instruction function to the national relay protection technical team39。在此，謹向吳娜老師致以最衷心的感謝!此外，在論文完成的過程中，我還得到了實驗室的很多同學如張磊等的熱心幫助，在此向他們及關心我的老師和同學們表示由衷的感謝。老師的認真態(tài)度、平和的性格給我留下了深刻的印象。導師不僅在學術上嚴格要求，還在生活中給予無微不至的關懷。參考文獻[1]：中國水利水電出版社，2004[2]、：中國電力出版社，2000[3]：中國電力出版社，2000[4]、：水利電力出版社，1995[5] 計算機繼電保護原理與技術[M]. 北京：中國電力出版社，1998:1419[6]：人民郵電出版社，2005[7]、：冶金工業(yè)出版社，2002 [8]、[M].北京：中國電力出版社，1991:3541[9] 、[M].北京：中國電力出版社，1999[10]基于MCF5282微處理器的電力線路微機保護系統(tǒng)設計[11]MCS51/、黃鶴松、[12]單片機原理與應用[M].劉湘濤、[13]單片機原理及接口技術（第三版），.[14]單片微型計算機控制系統(tǒng)設計[M].范立南、.[15]變電站綜合自動化原理及應用[M].，.[16][S]，1992年[17].基于嵌入式系統(tǒng)的變電站RTU研究設計[D].：中南大學，2009[18]電力系統(tǒng)自動化(第二版）王葵、[19]、[20]Maxim Product ，1998[21]Dsllas Product [22]SJA1000Standalone CAN controller Sheet，1999[23]Relay protection development present situation 1997致 謝本論文是在導師吳娜老師的悉心指導下完成的。 (3)希望在液晶顯示中實現(xiàn)電氣主接線的實時顯示，實時顯示隔離開關、斷路器的開合狀態(tài)，讓工作人員知曉操作的結果和判斷操作是否正確執(zhí)行。 工作展望 由于時間上的限制，本課題中尚有一些進一步的工作留待今后研究，主要有以下幾點： (1)采用更高性能的CPU，將PC機的實時多任務概念移植到現(xiàn)實工作中，增加CPU的處理能力，完善保護功能。主要介紹了CPU的選擇、電源的設計、開關量開入開出的設計、模擬量輸入部分、模數(shù)轉換器模塊、電壓與電流測量設計和人機交互模塊部分等。（2） 對10kV線路的保護原理進行了全面的歸納總結，提出以三段式電流保護為主的保護方案。圖4 3 保護功能程序基本流程圖5. 工作結論和展望 在做課題期間，本人查閱了大量的相關書籍和資料，設計了以單片機芯片AT89C51和模數(shù)轉換器ADC0809為核心的線路微機保護裝置。在廣泛采用的多微機系統(tǒng)裝置中，每個微機系統(tǒng)獨立地完成一種或幾種保護功能。圖4 2 采樣中斷服務程序框圖保護功能程序用于實現(xiàn)各種原理的保護功能，其流程圖如圖4 3所示?？傊?，保護的采樣計算就是采樣某種適當?shù)乃惴ǚ謩e計算各相電壓、電流的有效值，以及相位、頻率、阻抗等。進入采樣中斷服務程序，首先對三相電流、零序電流、三相電壓、零序電壓及線路電壓的瞬時值同時采樣，如每周采樣24點，采樣頻率為24*50Hz=1200Hz，采樣后將各瞬時值存入隨機存儲器RAM的對應地址單元內(nèi)。采樣中斷服務程序主要包括采樣計算，TV、TA斷線自檢和保護起動元件3個部分。完成采樣系統(tǒng)初始化后，開放采樣定時器中斷和串行口中斷，等待中斷發(fā)生后轉入中斷服務程序。如裝置自檢通過，則進行數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的初始化。初始化（二）完成后，開始對保護裝置進行全面自檢。若選擇運行，則開始運行初始化（二）程序。初始化（一）部分運行結束后，在人機接口液晶顯示器顯示主菜單，由工作人員選擇運行或調(diào)試工作方式。圖 4 1 主程序框圖初始化（一）主要是對微機處理器CPU及其擴展芯片的初始化及保護輸出的開關量出口初始化，賦以正常初值，以保證出口繼電器均不動作?！俺跏蓟笔侵副Ｗo裝置在上電或整組復位時首先執(zhí)行的程序，它主要是對微機系統(tǒng)及其可編程擴展芯片的工作方式初始化、各種標志設置、參數(shù)的設置、整定值加載等，以便在后面的程序中按預定方案工作。則時刻的采樣值可表示為 { （4 1）在時刻的采樣值為{ (4 2)在時刻的采樣值為{ （4 3）如果將（4 3)中的兩式相乘積，有 （4 4）將式（4 2）中的兩式相乘積，有 （4 5）式（44）與相加，得 （4 6）很顯然，式（4 6）與式（4 5）經(jīng)過適當組合便可消去項，得