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畢業(yè)論文-基于plc的鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)(參考版)

2024-11-11 20:57本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 t. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters). cause there 28 。ll be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end. Skydiver preps for the big jump When he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound 690 mph (1,110 kph) in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him pletely. If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes it39。突然想到那件藍(lán)格子襯衫;那些被折成各種各樣形狀的信紙;那段從街角深巷伊始的友誼;還有那場(chǎng)還沒(méi)有開始就宣告了終結(jié)的邂逅計(jì)劃 …… 那些年那些天的非做不可,終于和青春一樣,都將在我們的人生中謝幕。 Have declared the end of the encounter that haven39。 Those were broken into various shapes of stationery。那些曾經(jīng)所謂的非做不可,只是青蔥年華里自己給自己注射的一支強(qiáng)心劑,或者說(shuō),是自以為是的精神寄托罷了。也曾經(jīng)好 像已經(jīng)下定了決心去做某件事,但更多的時(shí)候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。s time, your ideas are always special to clear. Want, want, line is clear, as if nothing could shake his. Also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. Dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. Those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injection, or is a selfrighteous spiritual. 一個(gè)人的時(shí)候,自己的想法總是特別地清晰。 Originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time. 原來(lái),這個(gè)世界上,對(duì)某個(gè)事件能產(chǎn)生化學(xué)反應(yīng) 的,除了非做不可的堅(jiān)決,還有,時(shí)間。t want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already can39。t really grow up, it seems is not so important。 The end of our life, and can meet many things really do? 而窮盡我們的一生,又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可? 26 During my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional??傆X(jué)得自己自己似乎應(yīng)該去做點(diǎn)什么,或者寫點(diǎn)什么。 May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. Twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it. 一字開頭的年齡已經(jīng)到了尾聲。s actions. CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toure39。s 21 win. Michel Platini, president of European football39。s Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday. I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport. For me it39。s antiracism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association39。t charge you more than 35% of your pensation if you win the case. If you are thinking about signing up for a damagesbased agreement, you should make sure you39。t agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you ? your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly. For more information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, see Dismissal. You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haven39。最后,我再次由衷地感謝他們。 致謝 首先 ,我要感謝王老師在這幾個(gè)月的悉心指導(dǎo),在這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中,她給了我很大的幫助,給我提了很多寶貴的指導(dǎo)意見 ,幫助我完成了這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)。所以推廣應(yīng)用變頻調(diào) 速控制技術(shù),對(duì)提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,節(jié)約能源有非常重要的作用。 ( 4)可以通過(guò)使用屏蔽線和雙紋線來(lái)提高整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的抗干擾水平。 ( 2)當(dāng)電源條件不是很好時(shí),應(yīng)在 PLC 的電源模塊以及以 O模塊的電源線路中接人嗓音濾波器,若有必要,在變頻器的一側(cè)也應(yīng)如此 (主要是電抗器 )。 (2)信號(hào)隔離法:在某些傳感器傳輸線較長(zhǎng),并采用電流信號(hào)的場(chǎng)合,還可 以考慮在信號(hào)側(cè)用光耦合器進(jìn)行隔離。這樣既可以抗干擾,還減小了電動(dòng)機(jī)的諧波電流引起的附加轉(zhuǎn)矩,改善了電動(dòng)機(jī)的運(yùn)行特性。 變頻器的輸出側(cè)除了和和受控電動(dòng)機(jī)相接外,與其他設(shè)備之間極少有線路上的聯(lián)系,因此通過(guò)線路傳播其干擾的情形可不予考慮。實(shí)際上,可以串入一個(gè)小電感,它在基波頻率下的阻抗是微不足道的,但對(duì)于頻率很高的諧波電流,卻呈現(xiàn)出較高的阻抗,起到了有效的抑制作用。 1. 變頻器側(cè) (1)對(duì)于通過(guò)感應(yīng)耦合方式傳播的干 擾,主要通過(guò)正確的布線和采用屏蔽線來(lái)削弱。又由于電動(dòng)機(jī)定子繞組的電感性質(zhì),其定子電流十分接近正弦波,但其中與載波頻率相等的諧波分量仍較大。變頻器的輸入電流中具有很大的高次諧波成分,這些高次諧波電流除了影響功率因數(shù)外,也可能對(duì)其他設(shè)備形成干擾。 5 變頻器的抗干擾 在變頻器的輸入和輸出電路中,除較低次的諧波成分外,還有許多頻率很高的諧波電流,這些諧波電流除了增加輸入側(cè)的無(wú)功功率、降低功率因數(shù)(主要是頻率較低的諧波電流)以外,還將以各種方式把自己的能量傳播出去,形成對(duì)其他設(shè)備的干擾信號(hào),嚴(yán)重的甚至使某些設(shè)備無(wú)法正 常工作。 ( 5)故障處理: 如果變頻器因故障而跳閘,報(bào)警后,操作人員應(yīng)立即將 SA1撥向“工頻”位置,這時(shí)輸入繼電器 X0 動(dòng)作,一方面使控制系統(tǒng)投入工頻運(yùn)行方式;另一方面使 Y5和 Y6 復(fù)位,停止聲光報(bào)警。 ( 3)當(dāng)收到壓力信號(hào)需要鼓風(fēng)機(jī)變頻時(shí),開關(guān) SA1 撥向“變頻”,鼓風(fēng)機(jī)開始變頻運(yùn)行。在 PLC 中輸入程序。其控制流程框圖如圖 15 所示。過(guò)程參數(shù)送至 PLC,在 PLC 內(nèi)進(jìn)行 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換。 本系統(tǒng)選用松下 FP0 型的 PLC,點(diǎn)數(shù)為 32 點(diǎn) 。 ( 3) 設(shè)計(jì)安裝容易,維護(hù)工作量少。 ( 2) 編程簡(jiǎn)單、使用方便目前大多數(shù) PLC 采用繼電器控制形式的梯形圖編程方式,很容易被操作人員接受。 件 故障條件出現(xiàn)時(shí),立即把狀態(tài)重要信息存入指定存儲(chǔ)器,禁止對(duì)存儲(chǔ)器進(jìn)行任何不穩(wěn)定的讀寫操作,以防止存儲(chǔ)器信息被沖掉。且有些模塊還設(shè)置了連鎖保護(hù)、自診斷電路等。 硬件方面 : ,在微處理與 1/0 電路之間采用光電隔離減少外部干擾源對(duì) PLC 的影響。 PLC 的主要特點(diǎn) ( 1) 可靠性高、抗干擾能力強(qiáng),平均故障時(shí)間為幾十萬(wàn)小時(shí)。固定式 PLC 包括CPU 板、 I/O 板、顯示面 板、內(nèi)存塊、電源等,這些元素組合成一個(gè)不可拆卸的整體。接地線的線徑不小于 。 17 c.變頻器的 接地所有變頻器都專門有一個(gè)接地端子 E,用戶應(yīng)將此端子單獨(dú)與大地相接。且絞合間距離應(yīng)盡可能小。一般來(lái)說(shuō),模擬量控制線的接線原則也都適用于開關(guān)量控制線。布線時(shí)還應(yīng)注意遵守以下原則:一是控制線要盡量 遠(yuǎn)離主電路 100mm 以上;二是盡量不要和主電路交叉,如必須交叉時(shí),應(yīng)采取垂直交叉的方式。屏蔽層靠近變頻器的一端,應(yīng)接控制電路的公共端( COM),而不要接到變頻器的地端( E)或大地,如圖 10所示。 a.模擬量控制線模擬量控制線主要包括:輸入側(cè)的給定信號(hào)線和反饋信號(hào)線;輸出側(cè)的頻率信號(hào)線和電流信號(hào)線。 。 圖 8 主電路接線 16 圖 9 電源接錯(cuò)的后果示意圖 KM 的觸頭來(lái)控制變頻器的運(yùn)行和停止,應(yīng)該使用控制面板上的操作鍵或接線端子上的控制信號(hào)來(lái)控制變頻器的啟、停。 R、 S、 T是變頻器的輸入端,
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