【正文】 s flexible. But it does have some major disadvantages too.Reading Passage 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Question 113 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Hearing impairment or other auditory function deficit in young children can have a major impact on their development of speech and munication, resulting in a detrimental effect on their ability to learn at school. This is likely to have major consequences for the individual and the population as a whole. The New Zealand Ministry of Health has found from research carried out over two decades that 619% of children in that country are affected by hearing loss.A preliminary study in New Zealand has shown that classroom noise presents a major concern for teachers and pupils. Modern teaching practices, the organization of desks in the classroom, poor classroom acoustics, and mechanical means of ventilation such as airconditioning units all contribute to the number of children unable to prehend the teacher’s voice. Education researchers Nelson and Soli have also suggested that recent trends in learning often in。t particularly want to have responsibility.Moving on now to Task Culturesthis type is found in organisations that are projectoriented. You usually find it where the market for the pany39。re known, are low in relation to it39。s job is controlled by sets of rules and procedures for example, there are specific job descriptions, rules for discipline, and so on.What are the benefits of this kind of culture? Well firstly, because it39。s noone else who can influence them.And the kind of person who does well in this type of business culture is one who is happy to take risks, and for whom job security is a low priority.The next types if known as Role Culture—that39。t many rules or procedures. Another characteristic is that munication usually takes the form of conversations rather than, say, formal meetings or written memos. Now one of the benefits of this culture is that the organisation has the ability to act quickly, so it responds well to threat, or danger on the one hand, and opportunity on the other.But on the negative side, this type of organisation doesn39。s usually found in small organisations.It39。re going to University to study business or some other subject, many of you will eventually end up working for a pany of some kind.Now, when you first start working somewhere you will realise that the organisation you39。ll dicuss it further when we39。t want to see that resource misused.J: What about if we agree to only use it before and after class?P: Yes, that would be fine. OK, anway... that39。re going to invest in some new equipment.J: What about putting in an alarm?P: Good idea. The other thing I39。d be a great resource. The students could study the main course book in class and then do followup practice in the SelfAccess Centre.J: That sounds good.P: Okay, now finally we need to think about how the room is used. I39。s easy enough, we can get that organised every quickly. In fact I think we should review all of the study resources as some of them are looking a bit outofdate.J: Definitely. The CD section especially needs to be more current. I think we should get some of the ones that go with our latest course books and also make multiple copies.P: Good, now I was also thinking about some different materials that we haven39。re going to spend a lot of money on equipment and resources, we really need to make sure that everything is looked after properly. Anyway, let39。ve certainly got roon to do it, but it39。s not so much the expense that I39。t just leave them to get on with it.J: Yes, but I think the students would be much happier keeping the existing setup。t be like a class activity anymore. Our main worry would be not being able to go to a teacher for advice. I39。 there aren39。ve asked you here today to discuss the future of our SelfAccess Centre. We have to decide what we want to do about this very important resource for our English language students. So, can you tell me what the students think about this?Jun: Well, from the student39。s enough from me, so let39。s the circular area on the map surrounded by paths.And finally, there39。s a dogwalking area in the southern part of the park, leading off from the path. And if you just want to sit and relax, you can go to the flower garden。s a lake in the north west of the park, with a bird hide to the west of it, at the end of a path. So it39。d like to tell you about our new wildlife area, Hinchingbrooke Park, which will be opened to the public next month. This slide doesn39。re wearing something that you don39。ll have a chose of all sports of activities, from planting hedges to picking up litter, so you39。m sure you39。ll need to phone the park ranger a few days ahead. There39。ve been used over the centuries. You39。s activities are often arranged there, like breadmaking and facepainting. The park is only open during daylight hours, so bear that in mind if you decide to go there.Longfield has a programme of activities throughout the year, and to give you a sample, this is what39。s quite small, and if there were people around every day, much of the wildlife would keep away.From there it39。s an information board about the plants and animal you can see here, and by the way, the mon is accessible 24 hours a day.Then there39。ll start by telling you about some of the parks and open spaces nearby. One very pleasant place is Halland Common. This has been public land for hundreds of years, and what you39。ll be surprised at the variety we have here, even though we39。d delighted to wele you to our Wildlife Club, and very pleased that you39。s double 67549M: Great, so we39。s it.M: Now, we just need a contact telephone number for you.W: Sure, I39。s actually very good for you because we tend have more vacancies in outoftown halls.W: Lucky!M: Yes. Anything else?W: Well, I would like somewhere with a shared area, a TV room for example, or something like that. It