【正文】 ； A is different from B in。 相反 on the contrary， instead 他們的區(qū)別如下 The differences are as follows； the differences can be described as follows A 與 B 之間的不同在于。相反 as opposed to。 /as pare with。 （ 4）將事物的正反、好壞兩方面，或者將兩種不同事物進(jìn)行比較，對(duì)比時(shí)常用的句式、短語： 然而 while ， whereas， but， however， nevertheless 盡管如此 in spite of that， despite all this 但在另一方面 but on the other hand 與。 it will be seen from it that 如上所述，我們可以得出結(jié)論。 ③ 第三層次（第三點(diǎn)） Third， a thirdly， besides， in addition， furthermore， what is more important （ 3）總結(jié)性段落常用句式、詞語： 最后一點(diǎn) last， lastly， finally， in the last place ， last of all， in short， in brief 簡(jiǎn)言之 in a word ， in summary， to sum up 總之， in conclusion， on the whole， altogether， in all 因此， so， thus， hence， therefore。 第二種解決方法是。 Another means of 。 The main factor is that 。 My first reason is that。 My opinion is that （ 2）展開段落論證時(shí)常用的句式、詞語： ① 、第一層次（首先） First， Firstly， In the first place， First of all ， To begin with， For one thing。的原因如下； The reasons why 。 There are many reasons why。）、因素（ factor）、利弊、優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)（ advantage，disadvantage）時(shí)常用的詞語、句式： （ 1）引述段落提出問題時(shí) 常用的句式、詞語： 。 （ 6） It is time for us to take an active part in。 （ 4） In order to make our world a better place in which to live we should make great efforts to。 （ 2） To conclude， we can see that （ the best way/the possible solution） is。 常用與開頭的短語、句式 （ 1） with the （ rapidly） growing popularity of （ puters/private cars） in China， the quality of our lives has been considerably changed。 （ 2） With the （ rapid） growth of （ our economy/population）， many problems such as （ water shortages/waste of energy/lack of professionals and chaotic management） are beginning to surface （ 3） With the development of （ science and technology/market economy）， more and more/an increasing number of people e to realize that … （ 4 ） Currently there is a widespread/serious concern over (illegal publication/drug abuse/negative influence of western cultures). （ 5） Nowadays ,a heated debated/discussion about…is under way in China .some people believe that …,whereas others argue that… （ 6） There are some reasons for owning (private cars/ personal puters).To begin with,…Next,…Last,…There are, on the other hand, many reasons against it, First,…Second,…Finally,… （ 7） There are many advantages and disadvantages in(owning a car). （ 8） There are various /at least three ways/possible techniques/problems/methods to do something （ 9） Smoking/Alcoholic beverage should be banned from college campuses for toe reasons. The first reason is that …The second reason is that …/On the one hand ,… On the other hand,… （ 10） The possible solutions of (the energy crisis/water shortages/these social problems)depend on three factors… （ 11） The tow major reasons responsible for(the rapid economic growth /the widespread of fake products )are… 2．常用于結(jié)尾的短語、句式 （ 1） It is hoped that we should place much emphasis on/pay more attention to 。 （ 3） In short，（ shortages of water， decrease of fertile fields and environmental pollution）are the major problems to be solved to（ increase rain production）。 （ 5） In a word ， there are three suggestions we must follow ， only in this way can we（ achieve a great success）。 （ 7） Let us work hand in hand in hand to（ solve these social problems） 3．陳述或論證觀點(diǎn)、看法（ view， point， opinion）、原因（ reason、 cause）、方法、手段、措施、步驟。（ method， means， measures， step。的原因有許多。 。 are as follows 我的看法是。 我的第 一理由是。 主要因素是。 ② 第二層次（其次） Second ， Secondly， In the Second place， Next， Then， For another， 另一種方法是。 is to do。 the second solution is that。 Consequently， for thee reasons 結(jié)果， in consequence， as a result 由此可見。 as has been said above， we can conclude/make a conclusion/draw a conclusion/reach a conclusion e to a conclusion that。相比 in/by in parison with。 對(duì)比之下 by/in contrast 與