【正文】 t have done 本沒必要做某事而做了（7） would like to have done 本打算做某事但事實(shí)上沒有做20. 特殊句型1） there is no point in doing sth 做……是無濟(jì)于事的/沒有什么作用 there is very little/not much point in doing sth【point做目的、用處講，不可數(shù)】2） have difficulty/ trouble in doing sth3） keep sb busy (in) doing sth //be busy with sth4） feel like doing sth 21. 平行結(jié)構(gòu)當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的同等成分（主謂賓定狀補(bǔ)）并列時(shí)，要求它們結(jié)構(gòu)或詞性相同，即名隊(duì)名，介對介，分對分，句對句等使役動詞后的賓語補(bǔ)足語常見的使役動詞有：have、make、get、leave、let、set、want等，其賓語補(bǔ)足語有名詞、形容詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式和分詞等make、let、have動詞不定式不用to強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 it is +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（主/賓/狀語）+that+句子其他部分It is what you will do that is essential.It is only when one is ill that one realize the value of health.【注】被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是表示人的名詞，可用who代替；表示物的名詞可用which代替；如果是原因狀語從句，只能用because引導(dǎo)，而不能用since者as者why有三類句子不能被強(qiáng)調(diào)，表語/謂語（加助動詞）/though，although，whereas引導(dǎo)的從句It is whereas he prefers pop song that I like classical music. (誤)I like classical music whereas he prefers pop songs. (正)【收藏版】常用固定搭配（1）abide by 忠于；遵守 be faithful to；（2）being absentminded absence of mind 心不在焉的（3）be absorbed in/ be engrossed in / be rapt in （4）concentrate on / focus on / center on（5）be abundant in 富裕，富有；be rich in；be well supplied with（6）by accident / accidentally / by chance 偶然地，意外（7）of one’s own accord 自愿地；主動地（without being asked；willingly）（8）in accord with 與……一致； out of one’s accord with 同…不一致（9）on one’s own account 為了某人的緣故；為了某人自己的利益（10）by oneself 依靠自己 on account of 因?yàn)? on no account 無論如何（11）take … into account/consideration 把……考慮進(jìn)去 allow for…（12）give sb an account of 說明，解釋（理由）（13）account for 解釋，說明（14）accuse…of… 指控，控告 charge…with…；blame sb for sth；blame sth on sb（15） be accustomed to 習(xí)慣于… be used to / be in the habit of …（16） be acquainted with ... / have knowledge of.../ have mand of...（17） act on 奉行，按照…行動 act as 扮演；act for 代理（18） In addition 此外，又，加之 （19） in addition to… 除…之外/ as well as/besides/other than（20） adhere to /abide by/conform to /insist on / persist in/observe/opinion/belief/ply with 粘附，堅(jiān)持；遵循（21） have the advantage of…處于…的有利條件；have the advantage of sb （22） take advantage of/make the best of/make use of /harness /ut。t have to 表示不必表示要求、命令時(shí)，should、had better、must語氣漸強(qiáng)【引申】must用在肯定句中表示較有把握地推測，意為“一定”，有must be / must be doing / must have done / must have been doing否定推測用can39。t be a bad man.（3） may與might的區(qū)別might表示推測時(shí)，只是可能性比may小，都表示沒有把握地推測may / might as well 不妨 If that is the case，we may as well try.（4） must與have to的區(qū)別：must表示說話人的主觀看法，have to 表示客觀需要否定句中mustn39?！?） 情態(tài)動詞沒有非謂語形式，即沒有不定式，分詞，等形式?！?） 情態(tài)動詞 除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不帶to 的不定式。 or：平行結(jié)構(gòu)連接祈使句或名詞詞組表示條件 One more effort，and you39。2） Wish sb to do // wish to do15. 名詞性從句連接詞：that、whether、if（不充當(dāng)任何成分）；連接代詞：what、whatever、who、whoever、whom、which、whose；連接副詞：when、where、how、why位于介詞后的連詞或是引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連詞不可省略Whether與if：當(dāng)whether引導(dǎo)主語從句且置于句首；whether引導(dǎo)表語從句；whether從句作介詞賓語；whether…or not，whether與if 不可替換【注】it appears that 似乎……；it happens that碰巧……；it occured to me that… 突然想起……16. 定語從句whose=of which ；when = on / in which ；why = for which；where=in which（1）限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句：限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確；非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開（當(dāng)先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時(shí)）【注】that 和 why 不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句（2）as與 which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，as一般置于句首，which置于居中【注】as代表整個(gè)主句且在從句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞必須是be動詞（3） What 特指=the thing whichamp。t said that. 他希望他沒講那樣的話。s no wonder that5） 表示命令、建議、要求等動詞后面的賓語從句【注】當(dāng)suggest、insist表示表明、堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為時(shí)，用陳述語氣而不是虛擬語氣6） 表示命令、建議或要求的同位語從句中，用虛擬語氣，如suggestion、advice、plan、idea、ordre、proposal等詞My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.7）It is high time that + sb should do sth（5） Wish 的特殊用法1） 表示與事實(shí)相反的情況，或?qū)聿惶赡軐?shí)現(xiàn)的愿望　I wish I were as tall as you.　我希望和你一樣高。s important / necessary / natural / strange that +sb should do sth3） It39。Never have I heard it before.　　Nowhere can I find my lost watch.　　Under no circumstance should a student cheat in the exam.　　Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also a poet.【注】no sooner…than和hardly/scarcely/barely…when//before 位于句首時(shí)用部分倒裝，在時(shí)態(tài)上主句用一般過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)　　Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when/before the bell rang.　　No sooner had the performance begun than the lights went out.（2） 當(dāng)here、there、then、thus、only、hence、little等副詞位于句首，或表示運(yùn)動方向/地點(diǎn)狀語的副詞置于句首時(shí)，句中主、謂用倒裝（完全倒裝）Then came the order to take off.Thus arose the division between the developed and developing countries.Ahead sat an old woman.【比較】Here he es. // Away they went.（主語是人稱代詞時(shí)部分倒裝）（3） 當(dāng)so/such…that結(jié)構(gòu)中的so/such位于句首時(shí)用倒裝So cold was it at night that I could hardly fall asleep.Such was the force of explosion that all the windows were broken.（4） 分句以so、neither、nor、no more等副詞位于句首時(shí)，表明前面句子中所說明的情況也適用于后面的句子時(shí)用倒裝。t it?15） 陳述部分為并列復(fù)合句，采用就近原則Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn39。t it?What colours, aren39。d like to go with me, wouldn39。d like to，疑問部分用wouldn39。t +主語He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn39。d better read it by yourself, hadn39。t he?10） 陳述部分含有had better，疑問部分用hadn39。t +主語　　He used to take pictures there, didn39。t we？9） 陳述部分含有used to，疑問部分用usedn39。t/didn39。t he？8）陳述部分含有have/has/had to，疑問部分用don39。t / oughtn39。Read the text, will you?Don’t be late, will you?4）如果陳述句部分是let’s 開頭的祈使句，則反義疑問部分一般用shall we；如果是以let us 開頭的祈使句，則反義疑問句用will you。I suppose you are not serious, are you?She imagines that people like her, don’t they?I don’t believe she knows it, does she?I didn’t expect she would e, would she?3）如果陳述句部分是祈使句，則反義疑問句部分一般用will you。s 包括說話者）what / how 引導(dǎo)，表示贊美、驚嘆、喜悅等感情句型：how + adj./adv. + 主 + 謂 // how + adj. + a/an + n. + 主 + 謂 What + a/an + adj. + n. + 主 + 謂 What + adj. + n.（可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞）+ 主 + 謂 What + n. + 主 + 謂1）如果陳述句部分是含有賓語從句的復(fù)雜句，則反義疑問句部分的謂語動詞和主語代詞要與主句的謂語動詞和主語相對應(yīng)。blame、let、rent、keep、build、remain…need / require / want / worth doing = need / want / require / worth to be donehave sth done 要某人做某事 make sb heard / understood使別人能聽見/理解自己 祈使句一種是以動詞原形開頭（否定句加助動詞don39。s taken for granted that…