【正文】
如:The chemical works produced 5,000 tons of chemical fertilizer last year.(這家化工廠去年生產(chǎn)了5000噸化肥。) make做,制造,最常用詞,使用較廣泛。) , make, produce manufacture制造,加工,較正式,通常表示把原料經(jīng)過一定程度制成產(chǎn)品,多指使用機器大批生產(chǎn)。如:a literal interpretation of a passage(對一段文章的字面解釋) literary文學(xué)的。 lay作動詞時的過去式和過去分詞是laid, laid。) lie(躺)的過去式和過去分詞分別為lay, lain。) 98. lay, lie lay放,擱。) ultimate 最終的,最后的,用于正式場合,含有最高的和最有權(quán)威的結(jié)果。如:the latest news(最新消息) final最后的,指在一系列的事物中是最后的,而且是結(jié)論性的,決定性的。如:For what purpose do you learn English?(你學(xué)英文的目的是什么?) 97. last, latest, final, ultimate last最后的,與first相對,還可指“上一次的”。) 96. intention, idea, purpose intention主要指個人心里產(chǎn)生的做某事欲望或得到某物的想法,常見的搭配是have the intention of doing something. Idea指“意見”,“見解”。) effect用作動詞意為“造成”,“產(chǎn)生”,用作名詞強調(diào)由于影響而產(chǎn)生特殊效果?! nfluence可作動詞、名詞,指對某人的思想行為、性格等產(chǎn)生影響。如:He is an industrious student.(他是個用功的學(xué)生。如:Italy is being an industrial nation.(意大利逐步成為工業(yè)國。如:This book is different from that one.(這本書跟那本不一樣。如:He was indifferent to his personal appearance.(他從前不注意自己的外表。如:an imaginary character in a story(故事里的虛構(gòu)人物) imaginative富于想象力力的。如:This is the only solution imaginable.(這是惟一想得出的解決辦法。如:He is of about the same age as you. 92. imaginable, imaginary, imaginative 都是與想象有關(guān)的形容詞。如:She wore the identical dress on both occasion.(她在兩種場合穿同樣的衣服。如:This sentence is equivalent to that. identical相同的,相等的,側(cè)重于某一細節(jié)上完全相同?! qual相同的,相等的,特指“數(shù)量,價值等”相同。如:East or west, home is best. House房子,住宅。如:Take it easy. You’ve been working too hard. hardly幾乎不,簡直不。如:More haste, less speed.(欲速則不達。) hurry急忙,匆忙,常表示混亂,焦急和忙亂的意思。 haste急速,急忙,多指人的動作迅速和匆忙。如:He hanged himself when he failed. Hang, hung, hung懸掛?! natch“攫取”,指出其不意地,突然一把抓住并拿向自己。 grasp為常用詞,是用適度的力量抓牢。如:Howard had failed to obtain a scholarship.(霍華德沒能得到獎學(xué)金。如:They gained the victory after a bloody battle.(浴血奮戰(zhàn)后他們贏得了勝利。如:The scientist attained great fame by a new discovery.(那科學(xué)家由于一次新發(fā)現(xiàn)而出了名。如:acquire knowledge(獲得知識)。如:He achieved his ambition in the end.(他最終實現(xiàn)了他的抱負?! et用得最廣,可指以各種方式獲得各種東西。如:As a novelist, he shows great talent in characterization.(作為小說家,他在描寫人物方面顯出很大的才能。如:He is a man of many gifts.(他多才多藝?! enius天才,是這三詞中程度最高的詞?! 注意]一般表示“看”的單詞大多同at搭配構(gòu)成短,但glimpse卻有catch (have) a glimpse of這一搭配?! lare“怒視”,是兇狠地含有威脅地盯著看。 gaze“凝視”,強調(diào)由于驚奇、興趣,目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地注視。如:Please accept this as a token of my sincere gratitude.(請接受這份表示我真誠感謝的禮物。如:We want your honest opinion, not empty pliments.(我們需要你的誠心懇的意見,而不是空洞的恭維。如:To be frank with you, I do not know the answer myself.(老實說,我自己也不知道答案。如:Formerly he worked in a factory, but now he is a teacher. 82. frank, honest, sincere 都與坦率有關(guān)。) fell也可作fall的過去式;fell作“砍伐”時,它的過去式,過去分詞分別為felled, felled.81. formally, formerly formally正式地。) 80. fell, fall fell砍伐(樹木)。) reputation名譽,指公眾對某人的看法,可好可壞。) honor榮譽,尊敬,指受到公眾崇敬的榮譽和光榮?! ame是常用詞,一般指好的名聲。如:He descended the hill.(他下山了。如:She slipped and fell down.(她滑了一下摔倒了。) 78. fall, descend 都可表向下運動。) substitute則表示“用……代替”?! eplace的含義為“替換”,“取代”。) 77. exchange, replace, substitute 均含有“換”之意。) specially 多表示“專門地”,“為特別目的的地”,如表“不尋?!?,“過分”等,可與especially通用。) particularly往往著重說明與同類事物不同的個別事物?! specially一般表示某事物在意義、程度、重要性性超過其他事物。如:In spite of his shortings, I still like him.(盡管他缺點多,我仍然喜歡他。)構(gòu)成短語 find fault with挑剔,找毛病?! ault表示“過失”,可與error通用,現(xiàn)多用來指缺點,特指缺乏某要素因而不完美?! rror是通用詞,指任何錯誤,“犯錯誤”可以說mit /make an error。如:They have withstood all test.(他們經(jīng)受了一切考驗。如:I can’t tolerate him if he goes on like that. (他如果繼續(xù)這樣下去的話,我決不會容忍他。如:She can’t stand having nothing to do.(沒事干,她受不了。如:It takes patience to endure hardships. 忍受苦難需要耐力。如:It is hard to bear to be laughed at.(被人取笑是難以忍受的。如:She gets up early every day. 74. endure, bear, stand, tolerate, withstand 都表忍受,忍耐?! ?3. everyday, every day everyday每日的,日常的(作定語)。如:electronic engineering(電子工程學(xué)) 72. emergence, emergency emergence是emerge的名詞形式。如:electric generator(發(fā)電機);electric light(電燈) electrical多指本身不產(chǎn)生電,但是與電有關(guān)的。如:the economic doctrines of Ricardo(李嘉圖的經(jīng)濟學(xué)說) economical節(jié)約的,節(jié)儉的。如:The German telephone system is highly efficient. (德國的電話系統(tǒng)效率很高。如:effective medicine, effective method等。) 69. effective, efficient 均可表示“有效的”?! esponsibility著重指從道義或法律上對事件之后果負責。如:A kind of toothbrush has been invented to relieve toothache. 68. duty, responsibility 均有“責任”之意,可換用。如:What would you like for dessert, an apple pie or