【正文】
paint) are looking forward to Mary39。t understand your ______ at that poor child.(laugh) didn39。t be in;(can39。 invited?、?、 favourite sport is swimming. 39。 ?!∵x項(xiàng)中cut的四個(gè)固定詞組分別為:cut out“停止作用”;cut sth. down“砍倒,奪取,減少”;cut in“駛?cè)胲嚨肋^急,插嘴,加入”;cut off“切去,打斷,使孤立”,根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)該選擇D。例如:interesting有趣的,令人感興趣的 interested 感興趣的,對(duì)……表現(xiàn)出興趣的; disappointing令人失望的,令人灰心的 disappointed失望的,沮喪的;puzzling令人困惑的,令人迷惑不解的,puzzled 困惑的;迷惑不解的;exciting令人激動(dòng)的,使人興奮的,excited激動(dòng)的,興奮的。例如:a sleeping boy 正在睡覺的孩子 the rising sun 冉冉升起的太陽(yáng) a burnt child 一個(gè)燒傷的孩子 a raised hand 舉起的手2) 時(shí)間關(guān)系不同 一般來說現(xiàn)在分詞表示的動(dòng)作可能與句中限定動(dòng)詞所指的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,也可能不同時(shí)發(fā)生;而過去分詞指過去的時(shí)間或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。(分詞的邏輯主語是It,句子的主語是I)u 形容詞性的現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別分詞用作形容詞時(shí),present(現(xiàn)在)和past(過去)這兩個(gè)術(shù)語并不能說明它們的真正作用,它們的主要區(qū)別在于語態(tài)和時(shí)間關(guān)系上。例如:The bus being very crowded, he had to stand. 公共汽車很擠,他只好站著。例如:Looking up at Tom, I listened to the story of Washington. 我抬頭看著湯姆,聽著華盛頓的故事。Encouraged by the teacher, we worked still harder than ever. 受到老師的鼓勵(lì),我們比以前更努力地學(xué)習(xí)。4) 作狀語 分詞作狀語時(shí),現(xiàn)在分詞往往和邏輯主語之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系,表示時(shí)間、原因、方式、結(jié)果、條件、伴隨情況等;過去分詞一般表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作,表示原因、時(shí)間、條件、伴隨情況等。例如:We watched the teacher making the experiment carefully. 我們仔細(xì)地看老師做實(shí)驗(yàn)。3) 作賓語補(bǔ)足語 現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞都可以作賓語補(bǔ)足語,通常用在感官動(dòng)詞(如hear, see, notice, watch, feel, look at等)或使役動(dòng)詞(如make, let, have等)的賓語之后,亦可以用于“with+復(fù)合賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如:I think the shop is closed at this time of day. 我想這時(shí)商店關(guān)門了。Polluted air and water are harmful to people’s health. 污染了的空氣和水對(duì)人們的健康有害。分詞短語作定語時(shí),放在被修飾的名詞之后;單個(gè)分詞作定語時(shí),放在被修飾的名詞之前。u 現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞都可以在句中起形容詞和副詞的作用,可作定語、表語、補(bǔ)足語和狀語?,F(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞 【提問】下面這一題應(yīng)該如何解答? From friends and family, prisoners often suffer from loneliness. A. Cutting out B. Cutting down C. Cut in D. Cut off (Experiencing English Extended Book 2 Page 42) 答:該句子涉及到分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。在這個(gè)句子中出現(xiàn)了while,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語,因此pleting為現(xiàn)在分詞形式,表示句中的時(shí)間。The children ran out of the room, laughing and jumping. 孩子們從房間里跑出來,歡笑著,蹦跳著。6) 表示方式或伴隨狀語。 letter has just e, relieving him from anxiety. 他父母的來信剛剛到,可解了他的焦躁了。5) 表示結(jié)果,相當(dāng)于結(jié)果狀語從句。例如:Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 盡管了解了這一切,他們還是讓我賠償損失。t go to work today. 因?yàn)樯?,今天她不能上班了?) 表示原因,相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句because, since, for, as, etc.例如:Not understanding the relationship between the two cases, I asked the lawyer about it. 由于不明白兩個(gè)案子之間的關(guān)系,我咨詢了律師。2) 表示條件,相當(dāng)于if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。例如:He went through the papers while listening to music. 他邊瀏覽報(bào)紙,邊聽音樂。根據(jù)需要可以使用被動(dòng)式或完成式。When I found him cheating, I decided not to accept his flatteries and apologies any more. 當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)他欺騙我時(shí),我決定再不接受他的奉承和道歉了。3. 作賓語補(bǔ)足語 現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語,通常用在感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞的賓語后面,表示主動(dòng)或動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。The promising future is more encouraging than ever befor