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畢業(yè)論文-我國高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品進(jìn)出口的現(xiàn)狀與對(duì)策研究(參考版)

2025-01-19 19:28本頁面
  

【正文】 s Day. More and more young Chinese people begin to celebrate this day in a very similar way as that in western countries. Fewer people than ever will gaze at the heavens on Saturday to pick out the two stars shining bright on either side of the Milky Way, that is, if people even know on which day Qixi falls. There are ready reminders dotted about, in the form of big ads saying Sales on Chinese Valentine39。 Festival. In this day, girls will throw a sewing needle into a bowl full of water on the night of Qixi as a test of embroidery skills. If the needle floats on top of the water instead of sinking, it proves the girl is a skilled embroiders. Single women also pray for finding a good husband in the future. And the newly married women pray to bee pregnant quickly. Tradition transformed The love story of Niulang and Zhinu, and the Qixi Festival have been handed down for generations. Yet these ancient traditions and customs are slowly dying out. Many modern Chinese, particularly youngsters, seem to know more about St Valentine39。s time for the wild fruits to ripe. The picturesque Arxan in Autumn is indeed a fairyland only exists in a dream that satisfies all your fantasies. If it rains heavily on Saturday night, some elderly Chinese will say it is because Zhinu, or the Weaving Maid, is crying on the day she met her husband Niulang, or the Cowherd, on the Milky 23 Way. Most Chinese remember being told this romantic tragedy when they were children on Qixi, or the Seventh Night Festival, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, which is usually in early August. This year it falls on Saturday, August 2. Folklore Story As the story goes, once there was a cowherd, Niulang, who lived with his elder brother and sisterinlaw. But she disliked and abused him, and the boy was forced to leave home with only an old cow for pany. The cow, however, was a former god who had violated imperial rules and was sent to earth in bovine form. One day the cow led Niulang to a lake where fairies took a bath on earth. Among them was Zhinu, the most beautiful fairy and a skilled seamstress. The two fell in love at first sight and were soon married. They had a son and daughter and their happy life was held up as an example for hundreds of years in China. Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor, the Supreme Deity in Taoism, marriage between a mortal and fairy was strictly forbidden. He ordered the heaven troop to catch Zhinu back. Niulang grew desperate when he discovered Zhinu had been taken back to heaven. Driven by Niulang39。 ll wait in the line for one hour to get a ticket, and another two hours at the site, to only see a tiny bit of the place due to the crowds. Last year, 428 million tourists traveled in China over the weeklong holiday in October. Traveling during this period is a matter that needs thorough preparation. If you are short on time to plan the uping Golden Week it may not be a bad idea to avoid some of the most crowded places for now. There is always a place so fascinating that everyone yearns for. Arxan is a place like this. The beauty of Arxan is everlasting regardless of the changing of four seasons. Bestowed by nature, its spectacular seasonal landscape and mountains are just beyond word. Arxan is a crucial destination for the remended travelling route, China Inner Mongolia Arxan — Hailar — Manzhouli. It is also the joint of the four prairies across the SinoMongolian border, where people gravitate towards the exotic atmosphere mixed with Chinese, Russian, and Mongolia elements. As a historic site for the Yitian Battle, Arxan still embodies the spirit of Genghis Khan. Walking into Arxan, you will be amazed by a kaleidoscope of geous colors all the year round the Spring azaleas blooming red in the snow, the Summer sea wavering blue in the breeze, the Autumn leaves painted in yellow covering volcanic traces, and the Winter woods shining white on the vast alpine snowscape. Hinggan League Arxan city is situated in the far eastern area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Its full name Haren Arxan means hot holy water in the Mongolian language. Arxan is a tourism city in the northern frontier with a blend of large forest, grand prairies, vast snowfield, heaven lake cluster, thermium, as well as volcanic cluster. It is a rare and unique ecotourism base filled with healthy sunshine, clean air and unspoiled green. Nestled close to the country39。雖然我國高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)起步晚,問題多,但依然有大量的我國所獨(dú)具的優(yōu)勢(shì),只要我們看清楚自身的優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì),找準(zhǔn)定位,采取有力措施,我國的高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品出口必將迎來廣闊的明天。 本文以四個(gè)章節(jié),由淺入深的介紹了高新技術(shù) 的定義與分類,高新技術(shù) 產(chǎn)業(yè)的世界格局與世界上高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)領(lǐng)域比較成功的國家分析 ,以及我國高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品出口現(xiàn)狀 按照總量,地區(qū),行業(yè)企業(yè)等總體的分析 ,總結(jié)了我國高新技術(shù)產(chǎn) 品出口存在的問題及原因。自改革開放以來,我國高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品出口呈現(xiàn)快速增長態(tài)勢(shì),尤其近年來,高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品出口已成為我國出口增長的主體,對(duì)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展起著舉足輕重的作用,但是與發(fā)達(dá)國家和地區(qū)相比,我國還存在很大差距。 國際貿(mào)易競爭日趨激烈,但很多傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)的潛力卻已經(jīng)壓榨殆盡。從國際方面看, 我國 面臨著嚴(yán)峻的技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘 ,以美國為首的西方國家始終對(duì)我國高新 技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓進(jìn)行封鎖,嚴(yán)重制約了我國高新技術(shù)及高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品的快速發(fā)展,影響了我國趕超世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的速度。 綜合的來講,就我國高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)所存在的問題,解決的方法就應(yīng)當(dāng)從政府,行業(yè)企業(yè)自身以及行業(yè)總體前景規(guī)劃三個(gè)大的方面來下功夫,針對(duì)真正存在的問題,對(duì)癥下藥,就會(huì)有助于我國高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)更好更快更遠(yuǎn)的發(fā)展下去。四是要集中優(yōu)勢(shì)的人力、物力、才力打造高精端的高新產(chǎn)業(yè),政府要加大對(duì)高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品出口的支持力度。三是改變我國高新產(chǎn)業(yè)過多過濫的局面。二是完善基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),為高技術(shù)企業(yè)營造良好的發(fā)展環(huán)境。D 投資主體由政府轉(zhuǎn)向企業(yè)的必然趨勢(shì);銀行 業(yè)管理部門 應(yīng)盡量引導(dǎo) 銀行業(yè) 資金 投 入高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)領(lǐng)域, 設(shè)立 科技開發(fā)銀行 ,專為科技型企業(yè)提供融資支持,確??萍夹推髽I(yè)發(fā)展不因資金問題而受到影響 ;資本市場作為直接融資的主要場所,可以為有成長性的優(yōu)秀高新技術(shù)企業(yè) 的 股票上市以及發(fā)行債券等提供機(jī)遇;多元化組織形式的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資機(jī)構(gòu)、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資基金以及有效的市場退出機(jī)制的建立,應(yīng)作為高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資市場建設(shè)的主要措施;另外,引進(jìn)和培養(yǎng)復(fù)合型的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資人才,完善相關(guān)中介機(jī)構(gòu)的建設(shè),建立高效率的信息交流網(wǎng)絡(luò)等支撐體系也勢(shì)在必行。其中,政府應(yīng)履行的職能是財(cái)政專項(xiàng)撥款、設(shè)立產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展基金、立項(xiàng)融資、為資金融通提供協(xié)調(diào)、咨詢服務(wù)和政策法規(guī)支持等;企業(yè)作為主體,應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)營觀念,增加Ramp。就融資渠道而言,我們可以借鑒國外經(jīng)驗(yàn),例如建立專門的中小企業(yè)投資公司,為中小企業(yè)提供投資基金的扶持;就研發(fā)投入程度而言,除了鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)自身的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,政府應(yīng)該加大對(duì)民營 中小 企業(yè)科研開發(fā)經(jīng)費(fèi)投入;就市場競爭而言,我們應(yīng)該進(jìn)一步規(guī)范市場環(huán)境,保護(hù)企業(yè)的專利及無形資產(chǎn);就企業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)和變更而言,要盡快建立保護(hù)民營經(jīng)濟(jì)私有產(chǎn)權(quán)的相關(guān)法律,還可以探索建立科技成果產(chǎn)權(quán)交易及科技型企業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)重組渠道;就市場準(zhǔn)入而言,應(yīng)進(jìn)一步降低民營企業(yè) 獲取自營進(jìn)出口權(quán)的門檻,甚至可以向民營企業(yè)提供類似以前外資企業(yè)享受 “ 超國民待遇 ” 的條件,充分調(diào)動(dòng)其積極性,增強(qiáng)高新技術(shù)出口貿(mào)易主體的活力。 具體包括 :以出口額最大的機(jī)電產(chǎn)品、紡織產(chǎn)品和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品作為高新技術(shù)改造傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)的重點(diǎn),實(shí)現(xiàn)行業(yè)技術(shù)改造跨越式升級(jí),培育一批高質(zhì)量、高附加值的國際知名品牌,鞏固和擴(kuò)大傳統(tǒng)出口產(chǎn)品的市場份額,加強(qiáng) “ 產(chǎn)學(xué)研 ” 的優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)和聯(lián)合開發(fā),促進(jìn)高新技術(shù)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)出口產(chǎn)業(yè)的改造,擴(kuò)大高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品和高附加值產(chǎn)品 的 出口。 隨著出口
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