植物學(xué)及園藝學(xué)英文版_botany_and_horticulture_(4)(參考版)
2025-01-15 14:34本頁(yè)面
【正文】 1 Introduction to Social Anthropology B Lecture 4 2 Environment and sustainability ? Human population and environment impacts. What can anthropology tell us about the plex relationships between society and environment? ? Models from systems analysis and from ecology. – ecological niche, – homeostatis, – sustainability, – carrying capacity. ? These are functionalist explanations of the interaction of social, environmental and technological factors. 3 Tropical environment Tropical rain forest natural climax cycles, high rain fall, limited seasonality, soils, trees, canopy, light petition, leaf litter, nutrient poor, subject of erosion, iron pan 3Ecosystems/83Rainforest/8 4 Tropical environment Horticulture, gardening slash and burn, adaptation. Colonial and other degenerations ? A5B2464CB91C%7D 5 Forest modified by ?slash and burn? horticulture ? 6 Tropical environment 7 Highland New Guinea. ? Dense population of horticulture based on cultivation of sweet potato and raising pigs. ? “Discovery of highland peoples in the 1930s found large munity groups, partilineal clans, and petitive ceremonies exchanging food and pigs.” (Brown 1979:238) ? “Stone and woods tools were used for agriculture and construction of houses and fences. Soil fertility was improved with plete clearing, burning of cut vegetation, deep tillage, drainage ditches, and mounds for planting sweet potato vines, gradual harvesting, preparation of ditches and mounds for replanting, cultivated casuarina trees, fallow periods, integration of pig keeping with forest fallow, cultivation and settlement areas. Chimbu agriculture is intensive and well adapted to
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