【正文】 and it has __48___ enabled collaboration on research and shared knowledge in the scientific field. On the other hand, a __49___ single language can be divisive and exclusionary, __50___ nonnative English speakers the access to the global munity. The spread of English has __51___ great concern among many over the potential loss of the unique and varied languages of the world. Peripheral languages are disappearing at an overwhelming rate, with niy percent of the remaining languages at risk of __52___. At the same time, many others believe, rather than being lost, the languages are merging to some extent to develop a new mixed language. As a matter of fact, the English language, when spoken in a certain place, is __53___ and bears the local cultural characteristics. Consequently, the spread of English may in fact help to maintain global __54___. As the most influential language, English has and continues to evolve and change, gaining a lot from its incorporation and assimilation of other languages。 rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group. Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the pletion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get thing done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective wellbeings of a social group?s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may discipline group members who inhibit(阻礙 ) attainment of the group?s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members。 and second, foreign students who study in the United States bee ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍視 ) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as weling international university students. 11. From the first paragraph we know that presentday universities have bee ________. A. more and more researchoriented B. inservice training anizations C. more popularized than ever before D. a powerful force for global integration 12. Over the past three decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased ________. A. by million B. by 800,000 C. at an annual rate of percent D. at an annual rate of 8 percent 13. In the United States, how many of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreignborn? A. 10% B. 20% % % 14. How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers? A. They anize a series of seminars on world economy. B. They offer them various courses in international politics. C. They arrange for them to participate in the Erasmus program. D. They give them chances for international study or internship. 15. An example illustrating the general trend of universities? globalization is ________. A. Yale?s collaboration with Fudan University on geic research B. Yale?s helping Chinese universities to launch research projects C. Yale?s students exchange program with European institutions D. Yale?s establishing branch campuses throughout the world 16. What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage? A. It houses many panies spun off from MIT and Harvard. B. It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft Company. C. It was intentionally created by Stanford University. D. It is where the Inter infrastructure was built up. 17. What is said about the . federal funding for research? A. It has increased by 3 percent. B. It has been unsteady for years. C. It has been more than sufficient. D. It doubled between 1998 and 2022. 18. The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the . after September 11 was caused by ________. A. changes in the attitude of the U. S. B. changes in the geopolitical stability. C. changes in the visa process D. changes in the global integration. 19. Many Americans fear that American petitiveness may be threatened by foreign students who will ________. A. be more productive B. take courses for credit C. be awarded in the U. S. D. take their knowledge and skills back home. 20. The policy of weling foreign students can benefit the . in that the very best of them will stay and ________. A. strengthen the nation B. threaten American petitiveness C. participate in the Erasmus program D. keep pace with inflation Section B Reading (30%) Directions: In this section, there are 3 passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One My father?s reaction to the bank building at 43rd Street and Fifth Avenue in New York city was immediate and definite: “You won?t catch me putting my money in there!” he declared, “Not in that glass box!” Of course, my father is a gentleman of the old school, a member of the generation to whom a good deal of modern architecture is upse