會計專業(yè)英語ppt課件(參考版)
2025-01-10 08:11本頁面
【正文】 ? Is helpful in assessing future cash flows ? Indentifies the economic resources(assets), the claims to those resources(liabilities), and the changes in those resources and claims. Accounting basis and Accounting Assumptions Two types of accounting basis ? Cashbasis accounting ? Accrualbasis accounting Cash Basis ? Is the method of bookkeeping that records financial events based on cash flow and cash position. Revenue is recognized when cash is received and expense is recognized when cash is paid. ? Two types of cashbasis accounting exist: Strict cashbasis modified cashbasis AccrualBasis ? Records financial events based on economic activity rather than financial activity. ? Revenue is recorded when it is earned and realized, regardless of when actual payment is received. ? Expenses are “matched” revenue regardless of when they are actually paid. ? Accrual accounting is required by CAS and other financial accounting standards like GAAP, IFRS,etc. ? Comparison ? A simple Example ? Other considerations Accounting Assumptions CAS treats the following as the fundamental accounting assumptions: ? Entity ? Continuity ? Period of Time ? Moary Unit Financial Accounting Principles and Measurement Bases Financial accounting principles ? Cost Principle ? Revenue Recognition Principle ? Matching Principle ? Full disclosure Principle Cost Principle ? The cost principle states that assets should be recorded at their cost. Cost is the values exchanged at the time something is acquired. ? Cost is reliable. The values exchanged at the time something is acquired generally can be objectively measured and can be verified. Revenues Recognition Principle ? The revenue recognition principle dictates that revenue be recognized in the accounting period in which it is earned. ? Accountants follow the approach of “l(fā)et expenses follow revenue”. ? The nature of expenses: costs are the source of expenses. Costs that will generate revenues obly in the current accounting period are expensed immediately. ? Unexpired costs bee expenses in two ways 1. Cost of goods soled. 2. Operating expenses. Revenues Recognition Principle Cost Incurred Asset Expenses Provides future benefits Provides no apparent future Provides future benefits Unexpired Expired Cost
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