【正文】 Sons failed to establish the relative L/C for shipment of 4000 metric tons of Superior White Crystal Sugar to Japan up to the present time. As stipulated in the Sales Contract between your corporation and Smith amp。 7) . 560號信用證修改書未到，請立即改信，以便早日裝運，電付。 You should at least ship half of this order within one month upon receipt of the L/C Please amend L/C No. 2356 read: 1. The words “l(fā)ong ton” are to be replaced by “metric ton” according to the contract。 3) 茲通知你方，以你方為受益人的信用證已由倫敦巴克萊銀行開出 The L/C must be confirmed by the bank which may be acceptable to us. Please be sure to pay attention to the following in order to avoid subsequent amendment to L/C Please be informed that the L/C in your favor has been opened with Barclay Bank, London. Exercises 2. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese 4) 在收到信用證后的一個月內(nèi)，你們至少應(yīng)裝運這筆訂貨的一半。 opener 開證人 3． issuing bank 開證行 4． advising bank 通知行 5． beneficiary 受益人 6． negotiating bank 議付行 7． paying bank 付款行 8． letter of guarantee, L/G 銀行保證書，保函 9． documentary credit 跟單信用證 10． clean credit 光票信用證 Skill Training 3. Technical terms 11． revocable letter of credit 可撤銷信用證 12． irrevocable letter of credit 不可撤銷信用證 13． confirmed L/C 保兌信用證 14． unconfirmed L/C 不保兌信用證 15． sight L/C 即期信用證 16． usance L/C 遠(yuǎn)期信用證 17． transferable L/C 可轉(zhuǎn)讓信用證 18． nontransferable L/C 不可轉(zhuǎn)讓信用證 19． revolving L/C 循環(huán)信用證 20. reciprocal L/C 對開信用證 I. 1. What is your most preferable method of payment if you can make the decision and why? 2. Why does a letter of credit offer some payment security? 3. When you receive a letter of credit, does that mean you will face no risk in payment? 4. How to handle the discrepancies of letter of credit on examination, if any? Exercises 1. Questions for discussion Exercises 2. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese. 1) 信用證必須由我方公司可以接受的銀行加以保兌。 18) Please delete from the L/C the clause, “All bank missions and charges are for beneficiary?s account”,. which should be paid by the importing party only. 請從信用證中刪去此條款：“所有銀行傭金和費用由受益人支付”，因為這些費用理應(yīng)由進口方承擔(dān)。 等候修改通知書。 I. Useful sentence patterns Skill Training 16) We request you to have L/C No. H2284 amended as follows: (1) Extend the time of shipment till 31 May. (2) Extend the validity of the L/C till 15 June. Await your amendment advice. 請對 H2284號信用證做下列修改： （ 1）將交貨期展至 5月 31日。 14) If your L/C fails to reach us by the end of July, we will be forced to cancel your order. 如果信用證不能在 7月底前開到我處 ， 將被迫取消訂貨 。 11) Will you persuade your customer to arrange for a onemonth extension of L/C No. TD204? 你們能不能勸說客戶將 TD204號信用證延期一個月 ？ I. Useful sentence patterns Skill Training 12) The goods under S/C No. 3697 has been ready for quite some time. Please have the Letter of Credit opened with the least possible delay. 第 3697號合同項下貨物早已備妥 ， 請趕快開立信用證 。 9) This letter of credit expires on 15th July. 這張信用證 7月 15日到期。 7) Your L/C No. 48 is short of $29. 你方第 48號信用證少開了 29美元。 4) For payment we require 100% value, irrevocable L/C in our favour with partial shipment allowed clause available by draft at sight. 我們要求用不可撤銷的、允許分批裝運、金額為全部貨款、并以我方為抬頭的 信用證，憑即期匯票支付。 2) L/C at sight is normal for our exports to France. 我們向法國出口一般使用即期信用證付款。 Sons, received through our Hong Kong office, we have opened an irrevocable letter of credit in your favor, valid until 30 November. You have authority to draw on us at 60 days against this credit for the amount of your invoice upon shipment of 2022 tons of steels to Browning amp。 otherwise, they may not have enough time to make the amendment. As we have discussed before, amendments must be authorized by the buyer and issued by the issuing bank to the seller through the same channel as the original documentary credit. The following two graphs clearly demonstrate the processes of issuance and amendment of letter of credit respectively. Table 81 Comparison of Processes of Issuance and Amendment Utilization of Letters of Credit Utilization describes the procedure for the seller?s shipping of the goods, the transfer of documents from the seller to the buyer and the transfer of payment from the buyer to the seller through the banks. Utilization of Letters of Credit The seller (beneficiary) ships the goods to the buyer and obtains a negotiable transport document from the shipping agent, and then the seller prepares and presents a full set of documents to the advising bank consisting of documents stipulated in the credit. The advising bank examines the document package, ascertaining the documents are in strict conformity with the terms of the credit and pays the seller. Utilization of Letters of Credit After negotiation, the negotiating bank will claim reimbursement from the issuing bank or the reimbursing bank in accordance with the reimbursement terms indicated in the credit and the documents will be sent to the issuing bank. The advising bank sends the documents to the issuing bank, and the issuing bank reviews the document package, making certain the documents are in conformity with the terms of the credit. Utilization of Letters of Credit And then the issuing bank pays the advising bank and notifies that the documents have arrived. Against examination of the L/C, the buyer effects payment to the issuing bank for the release of documents package and takes possession of the shipment. Considerations in Using L/C ? There are many factors that should be taken int