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Interferons rHuIFN? in treatment of bovine herpesvirus1 (BHV1) infection. Although the treated calves were less severely affected than the controls, toxic effects such as fever and depression were seen. Multiple doses were required, and some calves developed antibodies against the interfereon. rBoIFN?:BHV1. rBoIFN?: vesicular stomatitis, B. abortus。 母雞日糧中補(bǔ)充維生素 E,可使被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)移至小雞的抗體水平顯著提高。 小鼠用 SRC或破傷風(fēng)類毒素免疫時(shí),在日糧中補(bǔ)充維生素 E可增加抗體產(chǎn)生。 奶牛產(chǎn)前幾周通常嗜中性白細(xì)胞功能下降,巨噬細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生 IL1和表達(dá) MHC II的功能下降。補(bǔ)充維生素 E可提高免疫反應(yīng)。 – 在慢性感染和腫瘤病的治療中起輔助作用。 – 增加牛巨噬細(xì)胞的 FcR,增強(qiáng)巨噬細(xì)胞和嗜中性白細(xì)胞的吞噬活性。 Mean (SD) multiples of pretreatment serum antiOVA antibody titres in dairy cows (n=6/group) after two injections with saline only, saline with 4 mg ovalbumin (OVA) alone or in bination with 4, 16, 64 mg ginseng extract (GS). Values with different letters differ within the time point at P. a a a a abba a ababbbccbbbcbcbbbcbc010203040501 2 3 4 5W e e k s a f t e r s e c o n d i n j e c t i o nMultiples of antibody titersG r o u p 1 : S a l i n eG r o u p 2 : O V AG r o u p 3 : O V A + 4 m g G SG r o u p 3 : O V A + 1 6 m g G SG r o u p 5 : O V A + 6 4 m g G SMean (SD) optical density (OD) of serum antibodies against S. aureus in dairy heifers (n=6/group) immunized twice, at 0 and 14 days, with a S. aureus bacterin only (A), or the bactaerin mixed with ginseng extract (B) or ginsenoside Rb1 (C). Values with different letters differ within time point at P. * Values are significantly different from preimmunisation within group (P). a*a*a*a*a*aa*a*ab*ab*a*aba*a*b*b*a*b00 . 20 . 40 . 60 . 811 . 21 . 4p r e i m m u n 1 2 3 4 5W e e k s a f t e r t h e s e c o n d i m m u n i s a t i o nOD valueG r o u p AG r o u p BG r o u p C免疫增強(qiáng)藥物 左旋咪唑:對(duì)免疫功能正常的動(dòng)物無效。 GSC 177。 Rg1 177。 Rb1 177。 SD of optical density (OD at 450 nm). Adjuvants IgG1 IgG2 IgG2/IgG1 No 177。 MDP脂質(zhì)體能激活肺中的巨噬細(xì)胞,增強(qiáng)其殺傷腫瘤的能力,而游離的 MDP則對(duì)肺中的巨噬細(xì)胞無激活作用。 MDP(胞壁酰二肽, muramyl dipeptide):為分枝桿菌細(xì)胞壁中具有免疫活性的最小單位。 1942年, Freund發(fā)現(xiàn) BCG有免疫佐劑作用。 BCG(卡介苗):由 Calmette和 Guerin研制成功。 90%被感染的狗可以自愈。 在犬溫?zé)幔奘杉?xì)胞吞噬抗原抗體復(fù)合物后,釋放自由基和其他毒性物質(zhì),損傷周圍的細(xì)胞,尤其是少突神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞( oligodendroglia),引起脫髓鞘作用,腦炎。這種情況下,雖然免疫系統(tǒng)不能清除病毒,但可以防止臨床癥狀產(chǎn)生,起免疫保護(hù)作用。當(dāng)病毒處于靜止期,病毒核酸在細(xì)胞內(nèi)