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however, it is % under the detuned condition. ? Like the conventional vector control with sensors, the identification of the rotor resistance is important and difficult. 32 ? End of Chap9 。 that is, the speed EMF induced in the unexcited winding is used to determine the rotor position and speed. ? the motor with a sinusoidal flux distribution ? excites three windings at a time and the sensorless control algorithm bees plicated. 21 ?Since the actual rotor position is not known without a position sensor, the aim is to make the angular difference ?? between the fictitious and actual rotor positions converge to zero. ? the motor with a sinusoidal flux distribution ?the dq axis corresponds to an actual rotor position ?the ?? axis is a fictitious rotor position 22 two approaches ? Both are the estimation of the angular difference by using the detected state variables and the estimated state variables which are obtained from a motor model in the controller. ? The approaches differ according to the motor model, . ? Voltage modelbased drive [12] ? Current modelbased drive [13] ? These two are basically the modelbased control and generally require online identification of the motor parameters if higher performance is required. However, it is interesting to note that the second method has robust control characteristics against the motor parameter variation. 23 sinc oscEcR PL LL R PLviK?????????????? ? ? ? ????????? ? ? ? ???? ??? ? ? ?? ? ? ???01rM rEMR P L LL R P Lvi K?????? ? ? ???? ? ????? ? ? ??? ??? ??? ? ? ???? ? ? ?the voltage modelbased sensorless drive ?the voltage equation is ?the voltage equation under the ideal condition that the fictitious and actual axes are coincident is 24 ? the angular difference can be made to converge to zero by the following rule ? if ?vr0 , then decreases ? if ?vr 0 , then increases (for clockwise rotation) sinM E EKK? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ?