【正文】 they may even be of help in recognizing the precursors to explosive volcanism. (6) 油氣田地質 In the search for oil, fluid inclusions containing hydrocarbons and/or water have provided information on the tectonic and pressuretemperature evolution of petroleum basins prior to, during, and after hydrocarbon migration, and may provide information on the contentious issue of the mechanism of primary migration of petroleum. (7) 鹽類礦床 In some domal salt deposits, highpressure gas inclusions, presently of unknown origin, have prevented development of parts of the resource, because blowouts into mine openings from natural decrepitation of the inclusions in thousands of tons of such inclusionrich salt have resulted in fatalities. Recognition of such inclusions in core samples may thus prevent mining accidents. (8) 古氣候 In the study of the evolution of the atmosphere and paleoclimatology, gas inclusions in dated polar ice sheets have permitted reconstruction of paleoconcentrations of CO2, fluid inclusions in speleothems (save deposits have provided data on both paleotemperatures and paleoclimatology during the last 350,000 years, and inclusions in some samples of bedded salt may provide geochemically useful data on isotopes of the rare gases in the atmosphere (He, Ne, Ar, Xe) back to the Devonian. (9) 人造晶體 In highpressure, hightemperature solution chemistry, inclusions provide us with elegantly simple, transparent visual autoclaves‘ that permit observations of phase behavior at high temperature and pressure that, in turn, can guide the design of the much more difficult laboratory studies of synthetic systems. (10) 地熱 During the drilling of active geothermal systems, fluid inclusion measurements on the cores can guide the drilling by providing valuable data on deep temperatures, and on whether that portion of the system is heating or cooling. Such data can aid both the exploration and the development of geothermal fields. (11) 地幔環(huán)境 Study of the fluid inclusions in samples of mantle materials such as the ultramafic nodules in basalt and kimberlite (and possibly even diamond） has provided information on the nature of volatiles in the mantle, and particularly on the somewhat enigmatic geic interrela tions of the various forms of carbon derived from the mantle: as a solid solution in silicates, as dense CO2 inclusions, as carbonatite and as disseminated carbonate, graphite, or diamond. 3 包體礦物學的數(shù)據(jù)類型及其意義 （ 1）溫度 Temperature （ 2）壓力 Pressure （ 3）密度 Density （ 4）鹽度 Salinity （ 5）成分 Composition （ 6） Ph、 Eh…… .. （ 1）溫度 Temperature. The use of fluid inclusions for deciphering the temperature of past geologic events was first proposed by . Sorby in 1858. Since then, data from fluidinclusion geothermometry have been reported in several thousand scientific papers, and inclusions have taken their place as one of our best and certainly most widely applicable geothermometers. In spite of this mon usage, the most astounding aspect of fluid inclusions is seldom mentioned – the enormous number of such clues to temperature that nature has provided. Sorby (1858)的測溫理論 T P L G