【正文】 and experienced pool of trained professionals. The management should be prepared to invest in staff and hardware/software to actively manage the maintenance program. A team approach to RCM must be retained and the concept of RCM must be accepted in the organization. In order to use appropriate software and hardware, education and training efforts should be an integral part of this process. The understanding of the basics of utility’s maintenance program and the working knowledge of the tools required by the staff must be assured. The key to sustaining a successful maintenance program is the development of a process that will ensure the continuance of maintenance program over a long period of time. It is necessary to periodically review and update the maintenance program using a structured method. Today, cutting operations and maintenance costs and preserving service reliability are the top priorities for managers of utility transmission and distribution systems. The concept of RCM is sound and should provide utilities with a structured approach to a maintenance program with an optimum balance between cost of maintenance and reliability improvement. RCM and PdM analyses plement each other, and when performed simultaneously, offer an excellent approach to maintenance optimization. [1] G. J. Anders, Probability Concepts in Electric Power Systems, 1990, John Wiley amp。 a system for efficient exchange of information across Tamp。Mremendations, therebyadding cost for the collection of data while failing to provide cost benefit which could have been realized. Other factors that may contribute to maintenance improvement are: application of inexpensive sensor techniques and effective diagnostics to maintain equipment’s health。M expenditures is the primary candidate for cost cutting and potential savings. As system equipment continue to age and gradually deteriorate, the probability of service interruption due to ponent failure increases. Electric utilities are confronted with many challenges in this new era of petition: rising Oamp。M) costs are top priorities of electric utilities. In an increasingly petitive power delivery environment, electric utilities are forced to apply more proactive methods of utility asset management. One of the main ponents of electric power delivery asset management is the capital budgeting and Oamp。 Sons. [2] J. Moubray, ReliabilityCentered Maintenance, Industrial Press Inc., 1992. [3] A. M. Smith, ReliabilityCentered Maintenance, McGrawHill Book Co., 1993. [4] S. Asgarpoor and C. Singh, “Methods for Detection of Equipment Aging and Incorporating it in the Reliability Analysis”, Proceedings of NSF Symposium on Electric Power Systems Infrastructure, Pullman, WA, October 1994. [5] J. Douglas, “The Maintenance Revolution”, EPRI Journal, Vol. 20, No. 3, May/June 1995, pp. 615. 一種實用的供配電系統(tǒng)的維護優(yōu)化計劃 8 A Maintenance Optimization Program for Utilities’ Transmission and Distribution Systems Sohrab Asgarpoor Mohamad Doghman Department of Electrical Engineering Principal Research Engineer University of NebraskaLincoln Omaha Public Power Distric ABSTRACT: Today, preserving and/or enhancing system reliability and reducing operations and maintenance (Oamp。 RCM 和 PDM 分析相得益彰，并同時進行時，提供一個很好的方法來維護的優(yōu)化。結(jié)論 今天，降低運營和維護成本和維護服務(wù)的可靠性，實用輸電和配電系統(tǒng)的管理者的首要任務(wù)。這是必要的定期審查和更新維護方案，使用結(jié)構(gòu)化的方法。必須保證實用的維修方案和工作經(jīng)驗的工作人員所需的工具的基本知識 的理解。一個團隊的方式到德盛必須保留和 RCM 的概念，必須在組織所接受。和經(jīng)驗池的訓(xùn)練有素的專業(yè)人員。數(shù)據(jù)從多種分析和決策的來源協(xié)調(diào) 。無法在此結(jié)果使直接 Mremendations 的，而未能提供成本效益可能已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)， therebyadding 數(shù)據(jù)收集的成本。適當(dāng)?shù)臏贤?，整合和分析所有這些信息將導(dǎo)致更準確的建議，關(guān)于何時執(zhí)行維護和 /或特定的設(shè)備如何操作。 目前，許多大型公用事業(yè)機構(gòu)執(zhí)行一些診斷測試設(shè)備。 為了優(yōu)化公用事業(yè)維修計劃，所有相關(guān)信息，必須使用最有效的啟動，計劃，跟蹤，記錄，分析維護任務(wù)。影響這些客戶的所有設(shè)備都需要進行分析，并應(yīng)確定設(shè)備的最關(guān)鍵部分。換句話說，我們需要識別設(shè)備時失敗的嚴重后果。經(jīng)典的 RCM 過程包括識別系統(tǒng)進行研究，他們的功能，功能 故障，故障模式，故障原因，維修任務(wù)選擇。 為了建立一個維修方案， RCM 過程大概需要是驅(qū)動點。隨著濕度傳感器和負載電流監(jiān)視器，我們可以開發(fā)加載壓力條件下的變壓器，而不是依靠現(xiàn)在提供了過于保守的評級準確的標(biāo)準。下一步是把一個額外的傳感器檢測水分的存在，從而可降 低介電強度和導(dǎo)致失敗。 ?聲音強度測量 一種實用的供配電系統(tǒng)的維護優(yōu)化計劃 5 聲強計需要找出潛在的問題，在設(shè)備和錄制的聲音和輸出設(shè)備的歷史變遷 對于輸電和配電系統(tǒng)，如變壓器故障氣體分析儀的傳感器可能被證明是有益的。某些氣體含量可以表明老化，需要維修，或潛在的故障。 ?變 壓器油天然氣分析 這是必要的，以保持變壓器上線盡可能。以下僅僅是用于監(jiān)測電力傳輸設(shè)備的幾個應(yīng)用程序： ?超聲波噪聲分析 ?局部放電檢測 該技術(shù)采用電傳感器檢測絕緣子和終止，如電氣設(shè)備的初始絕緣擊穿。 5。其主要方法可以歸結(jié)為以下四點： 1）保護系統(tǒng)功能 一種實用的供配電系統(tǒng)的維護優(yōu)化計劃 4 2）確定主要失效模式 3）優(yōu)先功能的需求，使預(yù)算可以集中保存最關(guān)鍵的功能 4）選擇只適用和有效的維護任務(wù) RCM 的一些好處是： 1）減少主要整改措施 2）消除不必要的大修和日常工作提供一點好處 3）優(yōu)化的頻率所需的大修 4）提高預(yù)測技術(shù)的使用，幫助與資源規(guī)劃 5）減少使用侵入性的任務(wù)，可誘發(fā)設(shè)備故障 6）提高日常工作的成本效益 7）創(chuàng)建記錄的維修方案的技術(shù)基礎(chǔ) 8）允許納入現(xiàn)有的維護，已被證明是具有成本效益的做法 ，容易實施 9）過程的知識，通信和團隊精神 正在開發(fā)廉價的固態(tài)傳感器，例如，可以插在變壓器油檢測的保溫開始惡化時，產(chǎn)生的氣體的存在。在過去的幾年中，監(jiān)測設(shè)備市場上的成熟，電子和計算機的價格下降了現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測應(yīng)用具有成本效益的現(xiàn)實。 RCM 是一個基于條件的維護計劃，重點是防止有可能是最嚴重的失敗。這種結(jié)合產(chǎn)生的維修計劃，優(yōu)化可靠性和成本效益。 RCM 是一種結(jié)構(gòu)化的過程，在一個特定的