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露天礦邊坡監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)外文翻譯(參考版)

2025-05-16 14:32本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 7) it covers up to 2500 m range. Conclusion Apart from visual inspection, conventional monitoring equipment such as survey system theodolite and total station with reflecting prism, extensometers, inclinometers, piezometers provide information only for a single site, or at most, a small number of locations in the mine. If the monitored sites are too widely separated or if displacement occurs between sites, early indications of a pending slope failure might go unnoticed. Coupled with this is the fact that these conventional monitoring tools are difficult to install at many surface mines where steep highwalls and lack of benches limit access to areas above the working floor. Relocating monitoring equipment from location to location is costly, time consuming and could be dangerous on unstable slopes. Disturbing signals from trucks and other mining vehicles can cause step changes in the displacement measurements, confusing the user and making automatic alarming difficult. Furthermore, Vegetation on the rock face reduces the accuracy of the displacement measurements for that location, confusing the user and reducing confidence in the rest of the measurements. Laser scanner would have been a likely solution to the deficiencies of the conventional techniques but it equally es with its own disadvantages. The time required in processing of the scan document is too great for effectiveness. In addition, the range and accuracy of these systems can be greatly impaired by differences in the reflectivity of the rock, the angle of the rock face, weather, vegetation and other factors. The slope monitoring radar invention resides in anomaly detection and correction module for a slope monitoring system prising: an atmospheric correction module that corrects slope movement measurements for anomalies caused by atmospheric changes and a disturbance detection module that identifies disturbances that cause errors in the slope movement measurements. The disturbance detection module suitably masks regions affected by the errors of the conventional methods. In another form, the invention of the SSR resides in a method of error handling in interferometric signal processing for a slope monitoring system including the steps of: extracting uncorrected movement data from interferometric radar measurements, correcting the movement data for changes in atmospheric conditions, identifying disturbances in the corrected movement data and displaying the corrected movement data and regions affected by the disturbance. The slope monitoring radar is a stateoftheart technology whose advent has pletely transformed geotechnical risk management in surface mines. 。 5) no need for fixed installation。 3) there is no safety risk during prism ins tallation。 (5) plex monitoring situations: TDR cables have been installed in angled boreholes and have monitored deep zones below moving upper zones. Neither installation could have been done with traditional inclinometer. Scanners and Radars. Point by point monitoring of every potential failure block on a mine slope is not practical, but a new generation of scanning laser rangefinders has partially addressed this undersampling problem by detecting movement over large areas. Scanners generate digital models of mine slopes without reflector prisms. The work [18] explained how displacement can be detected by paring successive scan. The laser scanner is an active selfcontained measurement technology. It generates its own light for measurement process. A modern scanner called SiteMonitor (Fig. 2) was developed by 3D Laser Mapping Ltd, UK initially for monitoring slope stability on old coal mine waste tips in South Wales, UK. Recently, the system is being adopted more widely in the mining industry. It records movements in the slope surface as small as 10mm with a distance range of up to 1000m. It records and analyses up to 8,000 measurements per second to create a detailed, accurate and continuous record of the slope profile. AngloPlatinum, the world largest producer of platinum has adopted the SiteMonitor for slope monitoring at some of its mines. The system is specifically designed for automatic and manual long ange profiling of surfaces, operating at distances up to 2,500 meters with accuracy of 50 millimeters. The systems perform continuous, remote scanning for 24 hours at locations determined by the pany’s Geotechnical team, collecting hundreds of point measurement daily. The point cloud data collected by the laser scanners is automatically analyzed using Site Monitor software from 3D Laser Mapping Ltd. The software can detect surface movement or slope deformation by paring readings against base measurements. The new laser scanning technology is also helping South Africa’s Kumba Iron Ore t
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