【正文】 They colle。 Stamper: When our dictionary went online back in 1996, we could see for the first time which were the most lookedup words in English: Affect, effect and ubiquitous were the top words. It was fascinating to us173。s very, very quiet on the editorial floor. When we are writing or revising a dictionary, most of our time is spent defining. We define a word according to how it is used in the recorded context, deciding whether the usage has been covered by our dictionary. Once this is done, you look at the new words and new senses and draft a definition. Stamper: The two main duties of a lexicographer are reading and defining. We read everything: books, journals, blogs, phone books, takeout menus, and so on. What we39。 Sokolowski: A lexicographer is a person who writes or edits a dictionary. The job of a dictionary editor is to prepare and present research about language. One of our former editorsin chief said, Tell the truth about words, and that sums it up for me. So to know more about them, observers of the language, maybe we should start with some background. Words and the way we use them offer a rare window on social and cultural trends. Kory Stamper and Peter Sokolowski know that better than most.主旨大意題把握文章的首尾段和關(guān)鍵詞。本文涉及推理判斷題和主旨大意題兩種?？碱}型。故選A。根據(jù)文章主要內(nèi)容為介紹中國(guó)墨子號(hào)的衛(wèi)星，它使用尖端技術(shù)來(lái)發(fā)送和接收信息，從而保護(hù)人們的信息安全。故選D。t able to pass through sunlight.（例如，這個(gè)過(guò)程只在晚上進(jìn)行，因?yàn)樾畔o(wú)法通過(guò)陽(yáng)光。 （3）推理判斷題。）可知，科學(xué)家在論文中的表述講述了一種科學(xué)現(xiàn)象。 （2）推理判斷題。）可知，因?yàn)槭褂昧孔觼?lái)傳輸，所以不會(huì)泄露重要的個(gè)人信息。 （1）推理判斷題。最近中國(guó)發(fā)射了一顆名為墨子號(hào)的衛(wèi)星，它使用尖端技術(shù)來(lái)發(fā)送和接收信息。Taking on data theft【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了對(duì)于現(xiàn)代通信，安全是一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。Old Problem, New ApproachesB.Leaping into an age of secure dataSunlight has a deadly influence on its working.（4）What39。Light is a must in its working process.C.s the main problem of Micius? A.It warned hackers not to steal information from Micius.D.It gave out the working principle of Micius.B.t score any important private information like passwords and s.（2）Which of the following can best describe scientists39。Because it uses particles that transmit light to transfer information from one to another.D.Because it only works at night, as the information isn39。s investments and significant efforts in the physical sciences that this group has been able to push research in practical quantum munication technologies to such an astronomical(天文學(xué)的)height.（1）According to the passage, why Micius is safe for transporting messages? A. And Karl Ziemelis, an editor for Nature, told Xinhua, It39。s achievements in this groundbreaking project.t able to pass through sunlight. Any eavesdropper(偷聽(tīng)者) on the quantum channel attempting to gain information … can be found by the municating users, the scientists wrote in the paper. But thanks to a breakthrough by Chinese scientists, who won the 2018 Newb Cleveland Prize in February, we may soon never have to worry about our data again. This is thanks to the satellite called Micius that uses cuttingedge technology to send and receive information. When it es to modern munication, security is a big concern. It seems like we39。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案?？赏浦覀兡軓难芯拷Y(jié)果中得出結(jié)論，環(huán)境可以影響人們的思維方式和行為方式。但如果你的主要目標(biāo)是吃得好或去健身房，那就先在辦公室里收拾一下。 （4）考查推理判斷?？赏浦炙共┦靠赡軙?huì)同意雜亂的環(huán)境有助于創(chuàng)造新想法。 （3）考查推理判斷。可推知混亂產(chǎn)生混亂最能解釋破窗理論。 （2）考查推理判斷。故劃線單詞意思為整潔的。根據(jù)第一段中的“Not surprisingly, they have found that people blessed with innate conscientiousness, meaning that they are organized and predictable, typically eat better and live longer than people who are disorderly. They also tend to have…”不出所料，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，天生有自覺(jué)性的人，也就是有條理、可預(yù)測(cè)的人，通常比那些不守規(guī)矩的人吃得更好，活得更久。但如果你的主要目標(biāo)是吃得好或去健身房，那就先在辦公室里收拾一下。s personalities are determined by their working environments.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）C（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了一項(xiàng)研究人類行為與環(huán)境相關(guān)的實(shí)驗(yàn)，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明無(wú)序混亂的環(huán)境可能更容易激發(fā)人們打破傳統(tǒng)，產(chǎn)生新的見(jiàn)解。s way of thinking and behavior.D.A messy office will cause quite low working efficiency.C. good habits guarantee the success of a project.（4）What can we conclude from the study results? A.Disorderly surroundings help to create new ideas.D.More virtue exists in organized people.B.D.Bad news has wings.B.Chaos begets chaos.D.terribleB.messy those in the tidy office generally chose the classic version. Disorderly environments seem to inspire breaking free of tradition, Dr. Vohs and her coauthors conclude in the study, which can produce fresh insights. The results were something of a surprise, says Dr. Vohs, the leader of the study. Few previous studies found much virtue in disorder. The broken window theory, proposed decades ago, holds that even slight disorder and neglect can encourage indifference and poor discipline.t necessarily innately conscientious. To find out, researchers at the University of Minnesota conducted a series of experiments. In the first experiment, they randomly assigned a group of collegeage students to spend time in two office spaces, one of which was very neat, the other wildly cluttered (亂堆) with papers and other workrelated stuff. The students spent their time filling out questionnaires unrelated to the study. After 10 minutes, they were told they could leave with an apple or a chocolate bar. Those students who sat in the orderly office were twice as likely to choose the apple as those who sat among the mess. For some time, psychologists have been studying how personality traits affect health and healthrelated choices. Not surprisingly, they have found that people blessed with innate conscientiousness, meaning that they are organized and predictable, typically eat better and live longer than people who are disorderly. They also tend to have immaculate offices. 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。t grow after you die. 和第三段中的That39。根據(jù)第一段中的Some things should just be mo