【正文】 It replaces artif。 To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn how to build AI software is the aim of Jeremy Howard, who founded with Rachel Thomas, a mathematician. He says school mathematics is sufficient. No. Greek. Letters, Mr. Howard intones, pounding the table with his fist for punctuation. Last month , a nonprofit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning. Since its foundation it has attracted more than 100, 000 students around the globe from India to Nigeria. The course and others like it, e with a simple idea: there is no need to spend years obtaining a PhD in order to practise deep learning. Creating software that learns can be taught as a craft, not as a high intellectual pursuit to be undertaken only in an ivory tower. Fast. ai39。s top universities. Earning one takes years and requires a personality suited to academia, which is rare among more normal folk. Over the past five years researchers in artificial intelligence have bee the rock stars of the technology world. A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural(神經(jīng)的) networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns, has proven so useful that skilled practitioners can mand high sixfigure salaries to build software for Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google. 【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。故短文的最佳標(biāo)題為海洋快喘不過氣來了符合題意。通讀全文可知，短文說明了海洋氧含量下降是一個與氣候變化有關(guān)的令人擔(dān)憂的趨勢，海洋氧含量下降的原因以及對海洋生物的影響和對其生存的威脅。故選A。所以海洋中氧含量減少迫使動物離開自己的棲息地，去氧氣含量較高的地區(qū)尋求庇護(hù)。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Ocean animals large and small, however, respond to even slight changes in oxygen by seeking refuge in higher oxygen zones or by adjusting behavior, Oschlies and others in his field have found. These adjustments can expose animals to new predators or force them into foodscarce regions. 可知，然而，Oschlies和他所在領(lǐng)域的其他人發(fā)現(xiàn)，無論大小，海洋動物對氧氣的微小變化都有反應(yīng)，它們在較高的含氧區(qū)尋求庇護(hù)，或是調(diào)整行為。故選C。因為所有的氧氣都進(jìn)入了表面，所以較少的與海洋水的混合意味著更深的海洋含氧量更少。根據(jù)第三段中的 as polar sea ice melts, it forms a layer of water above colder, more salty sea waters. This process creates a sort of lid that can keep currents from mixing surface water down to deeper depths. And because all oxygen enters the surface, less mixing means less of it at depth.可知，當(dāng)極地海冰融化時，它會在更冷、更咸的海水上形成一層水。故選A。其他地區(qū)的降幅較小，全球平均降幅為2%。根據(jù)第二段中的It is no surprise to scientists that warming oceans are losing oxygen, but the scale of the drop calls for urgent attention. Oxygen levels in some tropical (熱帶的) regions have dropped by an astonishing 40 percent in the last 50 years, some recent studies reveal. Levels have dropped less significantly elsewhere, with an average loss of 2 percent globally.可知，對于科學(xué)家來說，變暖的海洋正在失去氧氣并不奇怪，但這種下降的規(guī)模需要緊急關(guān)注。同時介紹了海洋氧含量下降的原因以及對海洋生物的影響和對其生存的威脅。D.The Survivability of Ocean AnimalsB.Some animals reduce their movements in order to absorb more oxygen.（4）Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A.Ocean acidification is more serious a problem than deoxygenation.C.Ocean deoxygenation changes some animals39。The surface polar ice water prevents oxygen going down.D.Polar ice melting consumes much oxygen in the ocean.B.The alarmingly changeable oxygen levels in the ocean.D.The worsening deoxygenation in the warming ocean.B. Ocean animals large and small, however, respond to even slight changes in oxygen by seeking refuge in higher oxygen zones or by adjusting behavior, Oschlies and others in his field have found. These adjustments can expose animals to new predators or force them into foodscarce regions. Climate change already poses serious problems for marine life, such as ocean acidification, but deoxygenation is the most pressing issue facing sea animals today, Oschlies says. After all, he says, they all have to breathe. In the past decade ocean oxygen levels have taken a dive—an alarming trend that is linked to climate change, says Andreas Oschlies, an oceanographer at the Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research in Germany, whose team tracks ocean oxygen levels worldwide. We were surprised by the intensity of the changes we saw, how rapidly oxygen is going down in the ocean and how large the effects on marine ecosystems are, he says. It is no surprise to scientists that warming oceans are losing oxygen, but the scale of the drop calls for urgent attention. Oxygen levels in some tropical (熱帶的) regions have dropped by an astonishing 40 percent in the last 50 years, some recent studies reveal. Levels have dropped less significantly elsewhere, with an average loss of 2 percent globally.7．犇犇Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. 可知選C。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。 出于好奇心，他們做了一系列實驗。 needs and drive cooperative behavior as a result. Curious to find out, they did a series of experiments.” （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。然而，他們還推斷，這種方式可能會導(dǎo)致人們更加了解他人的需求，從而推動合作性的行為。根據(jù)第二段中的“They theorized that, on the one hand, sharing food with other people might indicate food scarcity（短缺）and increase a feeling of petition. However, they also reasoned that it could instead lead people to bee more aware of others39。研究表明，從中間菜采取的“家庭式”餐，可以大大改善后續(xù)談判的結(jié)果。D.To reward them for their participation.C.To add to their energy.To confirm sharing food can promote cooperation.D.To show the way food is served.B.D.A meal shared with others.C.s route prices. The results were much the same, with the foodsharers negotiating successfully 63. 3%of the time and those who did not share doing so 42. 9%of the time. （1）What does the familystyle meal in the report refer to？ A. The game asked the participants to negotiate an hourly wage rate during a fictional strike. Each person was randomly assigned to represent the union or management and follow a set of rules. needs and drive cooperative behavior as a result. Curious to fin