材料科學(xué)與工程基礎(chǔ)1-wenkub.com
2024-12-29 21:01 本頁面
【正文】 ? the structure of the material after processing into a ponent or device 。 photo by S. Tanner.) 單 晶 (transparent) 多晶：低孔隙度 （ translucent。 Energy absorption properties。Fundamentals of materials science and engineering Chapter 1 Introduction to Materials Science and Engineering Have You Ever Wondered? What do materials scientists and engineers study? How sheet steel can be processed to produce a highstrength， lightweight， energy absorbing， malleable（可塑的，可鍛的） material used in the manufacture of car chassis（底盤） ? Can we make flexible and lightweight electronic circuits using plastics? What is a “ smart material” ? outline ? What is Materials Science and Engineering? ? Classification of Materials ? Environmental and Other Effects ? Materials Design and Selection 11 What is Materials Science and Engineering? ? 1. Definition Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) is an interdisciplinary field concerned with inventing new materials and improving previously known materials by developing a deeper understanding of the microstructurepositionsynthesisprocessing relationship. ▲ The term Composition Means the chemical makeup of a material ▲ Structure A description of the arrangement of atoms , as seen at different levels of detail. ▲ Synthesis Refers to how materials are made from naturally occuring or manmade chemicals. ▲ Processing Means how materials are shaped into useful ponents to cause changes in the properties of different materials. Figure Application of the tetrahedron of materials science and engineering to sheet steels for automotive chassis. Note that the microstructuresynthesis and processingposition are all interconnected and affect the performancetocost ratio Composition。 Malleability (formability) Strengthtoweight ratio is the strength of a material divided by its density。 semitransparent） 多晶：高孔隙度 （ opaque ） 13 Environmental and Other Effects ? Temperature ? Corrosion ? Fatigue ? Strain Rate High temperature change the structure of ceramics and cause polymers to melt or char Low temperature cause a metal or polymers to fail in a brittle manner, even though the
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