美國文學(xué)主要流派及其代表作-wenkub.com
2025-08-06 16:04 本頁面
【正文】 Updike: The Centaur (1964)Postmodernism 1963 is identified as the beginning of Postmodernism. It is characterized by a multiplicity of individual voices. And postmodern fiction shares a mon sense that a crisis is at hand for society and for literature and that all forms of dogma, convention, ideology need to be reexamined and replaced if necessary by fresher systems more suitable to the times. Its major features are:(1) Postmodern writers brood over what they perceive to be absence of answers and continuity by emphasizing randomness and discontinuity and by blurring the distinction between author and fictional character. They insist on drawing the reader into the confidence that the text is the only reality.(2) Postmodern fiction seeks to show the form rather than the content of American reality.(3) The fundamental rule of the postmodern fiction is the absurd and the arbitrary.(4) Postmodern writers hold that the reality of modern life is too elusive and uncertain for people to rationalize and idealize(5) The distrust of traditional mimetic genres, allied to the philosophical climate of structuralism and deconstruction, has encouraged postmodernism to embrace popular forms, such as detective fiction, science fiction, and fairy tale.Its representatives and their major works are:Kurt Vonnegut: The Sirens of Titan (1959), Cat’s Cradle (1963) Raymond Federman: Take It or Leave It (1976) Stream of Consciousness The term stream of consciousness, coined by William James, is used to indicate a literary approach to the presentation of psychological aspects of characters in fiction. There are two levels of consciousness, the speech level and the prespeech level. Streamofconsciousness novels are greatly concerned with the prespeech level, . with what lies below the surface. Thus the streamofconsciousness novel can be defined as a type of novel in which the basic emphasis is placed on exploration of the prespeech level of consciousness for the purpose of revealing the psychic being of the characters and of studying human nature. The realm of l
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