【正文】
le/ole/glyc selected from 1 to 7) (see Fig. 3 for structures) were placed in a microwave tube with a magnetic stirrer, and heated to the desired temperature (see Tables 24) for 30 min in a CEM CEMcontagious equine metritis.CEM selective mediumchocolate agar made with Eugon agar and 5% horse blood。fo/to(?nhī`drīd, –dr?d)a?n), atom or group of atoms carrying a negative charge. The charge results because there are more electrons than protons in the anion. (k?t39。no more than wt %) [8]. Soyabean oils were found by Noureddini et al. [9] to have good transesterification kinetics under acidcatalyzed reaction. Esterification when using supercritical Adj. 1. supercritical (especially of fissionable material) able to sustain a chain reaction in such a manner that the rate of reaction increasescritical at or of a point at which a property or phenomenon suffers an abrupt change especially having enough mass pressure exerted by a vapor that is in equilibrium with its liquid. A liquid standing in a sealed beaker is actually a dynamic system: some molecules of the liquid are evaporating to form vapor and some molecules of vapor are condensing to form liquid. ..... Click the link for more information.. Typical methyl ester biodiesel has a flash point of ca. 150 [degrees]C. Biodiesel has a viscosity similar to petrodiesel, the industry term for diesel produced from petroleum. It can also be used as an additive in formulations of diesel to increase the lubricity lumisci催化劑可以回收利用。倒出上層油酸甲酯(產(chǎn)品)層,溶解在其中的甲醇可以在120攝氏度時(shí)被蒸餾出或者在加熱到60攝氏度,1毫米汞柱氣壓條件下被除去。待混合物冷卻至室溫,并觀察到雙相。同樣的離子液體也被用于利用廢油或大豆油與甲醇反應(yīng)制造生物柴油的方法中。在文獻(xiàn)中較為流行的一種利用離子液體制造生物柴油的方法是在本質(zhì)酸性離子液體中進(jìn)行酸催化化學(xué)反應(yīng)。也稱為硫。該專利沒有提到有些材料使用時(shí)會導(dǎo)致危險(xiǎn),一些離子液體/酸組合是不穩(wěn)定的,并有可能導(dǎo)致形成氫氟酸。就是因?yàn)檫@些穩(wěn)定的酸性離子液體中分散的陽離子或者陰離子也參與了反應(yīng)。盡管這樣,TANG等人。(對于這些離子液體來說會有這樣一個(gè)問題,他們會比一些簡單的催化劑更加昂貴并且比一些傳統(tǒng)的溶劑更加昂貴。(?n`ī39。Another approach is to make either the cationcation例子可以從Wasserscheid 和 Welton所出版的兩卷版的書當(dāng)中查找并可從中審查離子液體的工業(yè)應(yīng)用。在這個(gè)過程中有一個(gè)好處,就是可以在游離脂肪酸中產(chǎn)生酯類。在堿催化反應(yīng)過程中,已觀察到的轉(zhuǎn)化率高。典型的甲酯生物柴油著火點(diǎn)約為150攝氏度。它可用于壓燃式(柴油)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī),而不需對其進(jìn)行太大改裝。生物柴油是一個(gè)極大的關(guān)注點(diǎn),因?yàn)樗且环N可以用于汽車運(yùn)輸?shù)目稍偕Y源,同時(shí)可以減低因?yàn)槭褂没剂隙会尫诺江h(huán)境中的二氧化碳量。還有一些化合物的名字太過深?yuàn)W,哥的英語水平太差,可能翻譯錯(cuò)了,希望大家諒解。最后在最下面附帶英文原文啊,自己對照看吧使用離子液體綠色合成生物柴油摘要:本文在開篇處介紹生物柴油合成的概述和歷史并在文章后面介紹說明一些我們尚未公布的最新數(shù)據(jù)。什么是生物柴油?一般的柴油或柴油燃料就是一些在柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)使用的燃料。生物柴油使用簡單,可生物降解,對比起化石燃料,基本無硫和芳烴。生物柴油的粘度類似于從石油生產(chǎn)的柴油。普通的催化劑對反應(yīng)物的純度非常敏感,特別是水和游離脂肪酸,所以原料必須細(xì)化(%,%)。利用脂肪酶通過不同種類的動(dòng)物或植物油脂產(chǎn)生酯是一種可行的方法,但是這種方法需要大量的水。試圖在離子液體中反應(yīng)的主要原因是,這些溶劑除了在低的壓力和高溫外不揮發(fā)。(k?t39。?n), atom or group of atoms carrying a negative charge. The charge results because there are more electrons than protons in the anion. ..... Click the link for more information.)離子液體中的酯化反應(yīng)(Esterification reactions in ionic liquids)酯化反應(yīng)很容易出現(xiàn)在某些離子液體,一個(gè)簡單的例子是由Franklin basic實(shí)驗(yàn)出的 [36,37] 1 butylpyridinium離子液體催化反應(yīng)。使用1 甲基咪唑四氟硼酸鹽離子液體([Hmim][[]])作為溶劑和催化劑的反應(yīng)。一個(gè)例子是使用[3 (三苯基)丙烷對甲苯磺酸鹽合成乙酸乙酯。杜邦等公司新增[] C []或[] S []1 丁基3 甲基咪唑二{(三氟甲基)磺酰扎 }酰胺([[] MIM][])transesterify伯醇和仲醇。該離子液體要具有酸性官能團(tuán)在它的陰離子或陽離子中。而有一種含酸性陰離子的離子液體1 H 3 甲基硫酸就可以催化菜籽油和甲醇反應(yīng)制造生物柴油實(shí)驗(yàn)(EXPERIMENTAL)動(dòng)物脂肪(特別是豬油。兩層產(chǎn)物分別用[]]H核磁共振譜分析,上層(產(chǎn)品)可溶解在CDCL3,下層可從甲醇獲得。通過H核磁共振光譜發(fā)現(xiàn)該產(chǎn)品在離