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【正文】 這類句子的構(gòu)成只需將所強(qiáng)調(diào)或是說(shuō)，所感嘆的對(duì)象放到句首；句子無(wú)需倒裝，句子要用正常語(yǔ)序。re driving a car . 開(kāi)車時(shí)不要粗心大意。t smoke in the office . 請(qǐng)不要在辦公室吸煙。 祈使句的謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞原形；它的否定形式是句首用Don39。 He is hard. (人是困難的，不通，因此應(yīng)用for。 It’s very nice of you to help me. 你來(lái)幫助我，你真是太好了。 注意：1) 其他系動(dòng)詞如，look，appear等也可用于此句型 2) 不定式作為句子成分時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 It’s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 當(dāng)你不用車的時(shí)候，鎖車是有必要的。 注意 ： 有些動(dòng)詞需用as 短語(yǔ)做補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，如regard, think believe, take, consider. We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我們認(rèn)為湯姆是我們最好的老師。. 此句只說(shuō)明發(fā)明這一個(gè)事實(shí)，不定式后用原形即可?，F(xiàn)在分詞表達(dá)主動(dòng)，也表達(dá)正在進(jìn)行，過(guò)去分詞表達(dá)被動(dòng)。 Find 的特殊用法： Find 后可用分詞做賓補(bǔ)，或先加形式賓語(yǔ)，再加形容詞，最后加帶to 的動(dòng)詞不定式。 注意:疑問(wèn)詞帶不定式在句中作成分時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 I want to speak to Tom. 我想和湯姆談話。 ’m sorry to keep you waiting. Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes. A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be 答案A. 等待的動(dòng)作由過(guò)去開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，應(yīng)用現(xiàn) . 不定式作賓語(yǔ) 1) 動(dòng)詞+ 不定式 afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose e dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake 舉例： The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司機(jī)沒(méi)能及時(shí)看見(jiàn)另一輛車。(表經(jīng)歷) 2) 用于till / until從句的差異 延續(xù)動(dòng)詞用于肯定句，表示做……直到…… 瞬間動(dòng)詞用于否定句，表示到……，才…… He didn’t e back until ten o’clock. 他到10 點(diǎn)才回來(lái)。此類動(dòng)詞為 感官動(dòng)詞：feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch The teacher made me go out of the classroom. I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher). We saw him play football on the playground. He was seen to play football on the playground. 若賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是帶to的不定式，那么被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)仍保留to: Mother told me not to be late I was told not to be late by mother. 5）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be +過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。) I have worked here for many years. (現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作。即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。 典型例題 (1) Do you know our town at all? No, this is the first time I ___ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am ing 答案B. This is the first time 后面所加從句應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選B。 When Bill es (不是will e), ask him to wait for me. I’ll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 4）在動(dòng)詞hope, take care that, make sure that等后。 be going to 表示主觀的打算或計(jì)劃。 c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 3) be +不定式表將來(lái)，按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。 Which paragraph shall I read first. Will you be at home at seven this evening? 2) be going to +不定式，表示將來(lái)。 Mother used not to be so forgetful. Scarf used to take a walk. (過(guò)去常常散步) be used to + doing： 對(duì)……已感到習(xí)慣，或習(xí)慣于，to是介詞，后需加名詞或動(dòng)名詞。) Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含義：她現(xiàn)在還活著) Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含義：達(dá)比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。
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