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如:他明天 來(lái)拜訪 你。 took part in the sports The sports meet was taken part in by her. 因?yàn)橄?take part in, belong to , own, have, hate, fail, contain 等表狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。常見動(dòng) look, smell, taste, sound, feel, prove, turn out 等 。 The pen writes 。 She lent me a bike.?被動(dòng): ① I was lent a bike(by her). ② A bike was lent to me(by her). + be+過(guò)去分詞 : This problem must be worked out in half an hour. :主語(yǔ)+被動(dòng)式謂語(yǔ)+不定式的被動(dòng)式+其它成分 These magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the readingroom. The murderer was ordered to be shot. 下面 主動(dòng)形式常表示被動(dòng)意義 ,用以表示主語(yǔ)的品質(zhì)和狀態(tài) 。 will finish 說(shuō)明: 正確選項(xiàng)為 B. 從 I don’t know if he has finished ,他去年一直在寫。 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示某個(gè)時(shí)候或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 He ______ a book about China last year, but I don’t know if he ______ it. A. wrote。 was noticing B. had slipped。 will e C. am just helping out。 are D. didn’t know。 2. would do(表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣 )總是 ,總會(huì) ,常常 He would sit silent for hours. 他常常接連好幾個(gè)小時(shí)默默地坐著。 We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) has/have been doing 用來(lái)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在 ( 還要繼續(xù) 下 去)的動(dòng)作。 He had shut the door before the dog came up. Everything had been all right up till this morning. 另一個(gè)過(guò)去時(shí)刻才完成,甚至還要繼續(xù)下去。 He has learned English for six years. They have worked here since they left college. “曾經(jīng)到過(guò)某地(人已回來(lái)) ”用 “have/has been to”,表示 “到某地去了(還未回來(lái)) ”用 “have/has gone to”。 The Changjiang River is flowing into the east. 長(zhǎng)江 江水滾滾向東流。 She is leaving for 。 Here she 。 ,時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。 注: “動(dòng)詞 +介詞 ”、 “動(dòng)詞 +名詞 +副詞 ”、 “動(dòng)詞 +副詞 +介詞 ”,這三種搭配都是及物的,如變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),不可漏掉介詞。m looking for my glasses. 我在找我的眼鏡。 (不及物) 注意: ①如果賓語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng),就應(yīng)避免把副詞同動(dòng)詞分開 She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 她關(guān)掉了所有還在亮著的燈。 ②不及物動(dòng)詞(不帶賓語(yǔ)) work, swim, go, e ③狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞(相對(duì)靜止) contain, exist, own, prefer, belong ④動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞:延續(xù)性( work, stay);非延續(xù)性( marry, go, e) 連系動(dòng)詞(漢語(yǔ)中沒有這種詞類) 助動(dòng)詞(與動(dòng)詞原形或分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)) be(am, is, are),do(does, did)。 表達(dá)法三: A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B. Your school is three times bigger than ours. 你們的學(xué)校比我們的學(xué)校大三倍。 This picture is more beautiful than that one. I have never seen such a more interesting film (than this one). 表示一方不及另一方時(shí),用 “ less + 原級(jí) + than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示 This room is less beautiful than that one. 表示一方隨另一方變化時(shí)用“ the more…the more…”句型 The harder you work, the more progress you will make 用比較級(jí)來(lái)表達(dá)最高級(jí)的意思 I have never spent a more worrying day. 我從來(lái)沒有度過(guò)這樣令人煩惱的一天。 : 1 時(shí)間副詞 soon, now, early, finally, once, recently 5 頻度副詞 always, often, frequently, seldom, never 2 地點(diǎn)副詞 here, nearby, outside, upwards, above 6 疑問(wèn)副詞 how, where, when, why 3 方式副詞 hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really 7 連接副詞 how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile 4 程度副詞 almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather 8 關(guān)系副詞 when, where, why III. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí) 形容詞和副 詞的比較等級(jí)分為原級(jí),比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。t mind. A. none B. neither C. either D. all ② It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _____ of the parents spoke the language. A. none B. neither C. both D. each 四、形容詞 和副詞 I. 形容詞 :形容詞作定語(yǔ)通常前置,但在下列情況下后置 1 修飾 some, any, every, no 和 body, thing, one 等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí) nobody absent, everything possible 2 以 able, ible 結(jié)尾的形容詞可置于有最高級(jí)或 only 修飾的名詞之后 the best book available, the only solution possible 3 alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep 等作定語(yǔ)時(shí)后置 the only person awake 4 和空間、時(shí)間、單位連用時(shí) a bridge 50 meters long 5 成對(duì)的形容詞可以后置 a huge room simple and beautiful 6 形容詞短語(yǔ)一般后置 a man difficult to get on with 7 enough 修飾名詞時(shí)可以前置也可以后置,但修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)要后置 ______to take his adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.(NMET2020) A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave 注意:多個(gè)形容詞修飾同一個(gè)名詞的順序 fa3e10bf1d65c153d26dc1a64fe61e99 6 j 熟記口訣就可以順利解題:限定描繪大長(zhǎng)高,形狀年齡和新老,顏色國(guó)籍跟材料,作用類別往后靠。 one C. one。 Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has e to China. A woman with a baby was on the bus. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. She, like you and Tom, is very tall. The girls as well as the boy have learned to speak Japanese. No one except my teachers knows anything about it. 三、代詞 I. 代詞可以分為以下八大類 1 人稱代詞 主格 I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they 賓格 me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them 形容詞性物主代詞 my, your, his, her, its, our, their 名詞性物主代詞 mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs 2 反身代詞 myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 3 指示代詞 this, that, these, those, such, some 4 疑問(wèn)代詞 who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever 5 關(guān)系代詞 /連接代詞 that, which, who, whom, whose, as 6 不定代詞 one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little fa3e10bf1d65c153d26dc1a64fe61e99 5 j other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either 7 相互代詞 each other, one another II. 不定代詞用法注意點(diǎn) 類 別 區(qū) 別 例 句 one, some, any 和 it one 可以泛指人或者事(東西),其復(fù)數(shù)為 ones ① We’ve been looking at the houses but haven’t found ___ we like yet. A. one B. ones C. it D. them ② Cars do cause us some health problems — in fact far more serious _______ than mobile phones do. B. ones D. those some 可用于疑問(wèn)句中,表示盼望得到肯定的答復(fù),或者表示建議,請(qǐng)求等 —Your coffee smells great! —It’s from Mexico. Would you like ________? A. it B. some C. this D. little some 和 any 修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí), some 表示某個(gè), any 表示任何一個(gè) ① I have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any. ② —Which of the three ways shall I take to the village? —________way as you please. A. Each B. Every C. Any D. Either one 指同類中的一個(gè), it 指代同一種類的東西。 The old are taken good care of there. The beautiful gives pleasure to all. 就 近 /遠(yuǎn) 一 致 原 則 當(dāng)兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)由 either or, neither nor, not only but also ,whether or 連接時(shí),謂