【正文】 s　　(B) An arts movement of the 192039。s Feather inevitably wears out. All adult birds molt their feathers at least once a year, and upon close observation, one can recognize the frayed, ragged appearance of feathers that　　5) are nearing the end of their useful life. Two distinct processes are involved in molting. The first step is when the old, worn feather is dropped, or shed. The second is when a new feather grows in its place. When each feather has been shed and replaced, then the molt can be said to be plete. This, however, is an abstraction that often does not happen: inplete, overlapping, and arrested molts are quite mon.　　10) Molt requires that a bird find and process enough protein to rebuild approximately onethird of its body weight. It is not surprising that a bird in heavy molt often seems listless and unwell. But far from being random, molt is controlled by strong evolutionary forces that have established an optimal time and duration. Generally, molt occurs at the time of least stress on the bird. Many songbirds, for instance, molt in late summer, when　　15) the hard work of breeding is done but the weather is still warm and food still plentiful. This is why the woods in late summer often seem so quiet, when pared with the Exuberant choruses of spring.　　Molt of the flight feathers is the most highly organized part of the process. Some species, for example, begin by dropping the outermost primary feathers on each side (to retain　　20) balance in the air) and wait until the replacement feathers are about onethird grown before shedding the next outermost, and so on. Others always start with the innermost primary feathers and work outward. Yet other species begin in the middle and work outward on both weeks while the replacement feathers grow.　　 passage mainly discusses how　　(A) birds prepare for breeding　　(B) bird feathers differ from species　　(C) birds shed and replace their feathers　　(D) birds are affected by seasonal changes　　 word Notwithstanding in line 2 is closest　　in meaning to　　(A) despite　　(B) because of　　(C) instead of　　(D) regarding　　 word intricate in line 2 is closest in meaning to　　(A) regular　　(B) plex　　(C) interesting　　(D) important　　 word random in line 12 is closest in meaning to　　(A) unfortunate　　(B) unusual　　(C) unobservable　　(D) unpredictable　　 word optimal in line 13 is closest in meaning to　　(A) slow　　(B) frequent　　(C) best　　(D) early　　 of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason that songbirds molt in the late summer?　　(A) Fewer predators are in the woods.　　(B) The weathers is still warm.　　(C) The songbirds have finished breeding.　　(D) Food is still available.　　17. Some birds that are molting maintain balance during flight by　　(A) constantly preening and caring for their remaining feathers　　(B) dropping flight feathers on both sides at the same time　　(C) adjusting the angle of their flight to pensate for lost feathers　　(D) only losing onethird of their feathers　　 word Others in line 21 refers to　　(A) ducks　　(B) sides　　(C) species　　(D) flight feathers　　 author discusses ducks in order to provide an example of birds that　　(A) grow replacement feathers that are very long　　(B) shed all their wing feathers at one time　　(C) keep their innermost feathers　　(D) shed their outermost feathers first　　20. It can inferred from the discussion about ducks that the molting of their flight feathers takes.　　(A) a year　　(B) a season　　(C) several months　　(D) a few weeks　　Question 2130　　The Harlem Renaissance, a movement of the 192039。s, over 80 percent of the United States labor force was engaged in agriculture. Sophisticated technology and machinery were virtually nonexistent. People who lived in the cities and were not directly involved in trade often participated in small cottage industries making handcrafted goods. Others cured meats, silversmiths, candle　　5) or otherwise produced needed goods and modities. Blacksmiths, silversmiths, candle makers, and other artisans worked in their homes or barns, relying on help of family Perhaps no single phenomenon brought more widespread and lasting change to the United States society than the rise of industrialization. Industrial growth hinged on several　　10） economic factors. First, industry requires an abundance of natural resources, especially coal, iron ore, water, petroleum, and timberall readily available on the North American continent. Second, factories demand a large labor supply. Between the 187039。s in New York City　　A B C　　became to know as the Harlem Renaissance.　　D　　18. The symptoms of pneumonia, a lung infection, include high fever, chest pain, breathing difficult, and　　A B C D　　coughing.　　19. The rapid grow of Boston during the midnineteenth century coincided with a large influx of　　A B C　　European immigrants.　　D　　20. In 1908 Olive Campbell started writing down folk songs by rural people in the southern Appalachian　　A B C　　mountains near hers home.　　D　　 thirteen stripes of the United States flag represent the original thirteen states of the Union, which　　A B C　　they all were once colonies of Britain.　　D　　22. In 1860, more as 90 percent of the people of Indiana lived rural areas, with only a few cities having a　　A B C　　population exceeding 10,000.　　D　　 keeps the Moon in orbit around Earth and the planets other of the solar system in orbit　　A B C D　　around the Sun.　　24. Photograph was revolutionized in 1831 by the introduction of the collodion process for making glass　　A B C D　　negatives.　　25. After flax is washed, dry, beaten, and bed, fibers are obtained for use in making fabric.　　A B C D　　26. A fever is caused which blood cells release proteins called pyrogens, raising the body39。s.　　44. (A) They didn39。s far from where she lives.　　(B) Her family went there without her.　　(C) She doesn39。t sure if Judy can solve the problem.　　(D) The man wi