【正文】 這是連續(xù) 8年來首個負(fù)增長季度。 Co. consultants to assist understanding the interrelated strategic elements that determine a pany?s success or failure. Seven S refers to strategy, structure, staff, superordinated goals, skills, style, and system. 10. mission statement: It is a short statement of the central purposes, strategies and values of a pany. Part III Questions and Answers (20 points) Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions 5. What is the significance of the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 to the American tourism industry? The Airline Deregulation Act was a piece of US legislation signed into law on October 28, 1978. The main purpose of the act was to remove government control from mercial aviation and expose the passenger airline industry to market forces. It makes the American tourism industry more petitive and more market oriented. 6. What are the differences between GDP and GNP? GDP refers to gross domestic product while GNP refers to gross national product. GNP), in economics, is a quantitative measure of a nation39。 expectations C. the addon values and the real values D. the tangible product and the followup activities Part II Terms Used in Tourism Industry (30 points) Directions: Spell out the following initials and acronyms 1. LBO 2. MBO 3. CRS 4. ROI 5. EDI 6. ERP 8 7. CNTA 8. CEO 9. ADR 10. POS Directions: Define the following terms 1. synergy 2. Delphi Analysis 3. Intellectual Property 9 4. SevenS Framework 5. mission statement Part III Questions and Answers (20 points) Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions 1. What is the significance of the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 to the American tourism industry? 10 2. What are the differences between GDP and GNP? 3. What are the key management functions? 4. How does yield management work in hotel management? 11 Part IV Translation (30 points) Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. According to advance figures from the . Bureau of Economic Analysis, the national economy (as measured by gross domestic product) contracted at an inflationadjusted percent annual rate in the third quarter—the first quarter of negative growth in more than eight years. Most economists predict an even larger contraction in the fourth quarter of 2020. If there is negative growth in the fourth quarter of 2020, then the economy officially will be in a recession. Within the restaurant industry, the employment picture also looks bleak. On a seasonally adjusted basis, eatinganddrinking places cut 42,000 jobs in October, which followed a 43,000 job reduction in September. This marks the worst restaurantindustry employment performance on record for those two months. 12 Directions: Translate the following passage into English. 管理從 19世紀(jì)末才開始形成一門科學(xué)，但是管理的概念和實踐已經(jīng)存在了數(shù)千年。 minds. In the case of a hotel group this will be closely related to the corporate image and branding of the group. In the example under discussion, the augmented elements would be purposedesigned and developed around the core product benefits in ways calculated to increase the appeal to the target segment39。add ons39。 core needs usually tend not to change very quickly, although a hotel39。s appeal in the early 1980s. The view of the product taken by customers, whether or not they buy an inclusive package from a tour operator or travel wholesaler, is essentially the same view or standpoint as that adopted by tour operators. Tour operators act on behalf of the interests of tens or hundreds of thousands of customers, and their brochures are a practical illustration of blending the five product ponents. The overall view is also the standpoint of national, regional and local tourist anizations, whose responsibilities usually include the coordination and presentation of the product ponents in their areas. This responsibility is an important one even if the destination tourist anizations are engaged only in liaison and joint marketing, and not in the sale of specific product offers to travelers. In considering the product, we should note that there is no natural or automatic harmony between ponents, such as attractions and acmodation, and they are seldom under any one anization39。 choice and influence prospective buyers39。 view of products still holds good, however, because it is in the nature of service products that they can be divided into a series of specific service operations or elements, which bine to make up the particular products customers buy. It is usually highly instructive to analyze any service producer39。leisure products39。bundle39。 needs and interests. Product decisions, with all their implications for the management of service operations and profitability, reflect all aspects of an anization39。s management policies, including longterm growth strategy, investment, and personnel policy. They largely determine the corporate image an anization creates in the minds of its existing and prospective customers. To a great extent, the design of products determines what prices can be charged, what forms of promotion are needed, and what distribution channels are used. For all these reasons, customerrelated product decisions are the basis of marketing strategy and tactics. As the most important of the four P39。 selected to satisfy needs, is a vital requirement for marketing managers. It is central to this view that the ponents of the bundle may be designed, al