【正文】 9 外文文獻(xiàn)原文 （ 2） 2 the method of quantitative analysis of bidding strategies A quantitative analysis method is to enterprises according to their master system information and related information, through certain mathematical model, in order to predict the enterprise in a certain price level winning chance is many, for the enterprises to find the best quotation scheme, for decisionmaking provide important basis for decision making, this method is more accurate and objective, can avoid the qualitative analysis subjective and optional sex, in Europe and America and other countries of the widely used, but also for many enterprises in our country are attached, is introduced2 kinds of simple and feasible method: expected profit method Enterprises in the tender to calculate the 2profit, namely direct real profit and expected profit. Direct profit is the enterprise in project contracting directly from the actual profit. With the formula expression of several ~X C type: the first bid in the project in the direct profit。C 一工程的實(shí)際成本。 or petition in the absolute superiority of the circumstances, enterprises do not easily cast high mark. Especially when the enterprise contract the task is insufficient, and the rest. As to the low profit to contract projects, and 7 strengthen management, reduce cost, make full use of production capacity, reduce the idling of the labour force, raise the economic benefits of the enterprise. price was low but focus on the development of Construction enterprises are trying to break into an engineering task much area, or for the project of the followup project to consider, for the benefit of future development, often using lowcost strategy, sometimes even lower than cost price. In this preliminary engineering less loss, will be on the later stage of the project of more in full pensation. 8 外文文獻(xiàn)譯文（ 2） 2 報(bào)價(jià)策略的定量分析方法 定量分析方法是企業(yè)根據(jù)自己掌握的系統(tǒng)資料和有關(guān)信息，通過(guò)一定的數(shù)學(xué)模型計(jì)算，以便預(yù)測(cè)企業(yè)在一定報(bào)價(jià)水平上中標(biāo)的機(jī)會(huì)是多少，為企業(yè)找到最佳報(bào)價(jià)方案，為決策人員提供重要的決策依據(jù)，這種方法的比較精確客觀，能避免定性分析的主觀隨意性，得到歐美等國(guó)家的廣泛應(yīng)用，也為我國(guó)很多企業(yè)所重視，現(xiàn)介紹 2 種簡(jiǎn)單可行方法 : 企業(yè)在投標(biāo)中要計(jì)算 2 種利潤(rùn)，即直接實(shí)際利潤(rùn)和預(yù)期利潤(rùn)。 engineering project, cost reducing, engineering settlement increased quantities may obtain extra ine worry thesis work or reduce the engineering quantity 6 reduce the loss. The design drawings are not clear, is not plete, estimated by the modification of engineering quantity to increase after the project, increase the unit price bidding。 (3) special projects, such as: underground excavation worry thesis work engineering, bridge engineering。 施工企業(yè)試圖打入一個(gè)工程任務(wù)多的新區(qū)，或者出于對(duì)該項(xiàng)目后續(xù)工程的考慮，以利將來(lái)的發(fā)展，往往采用低價(jià)策略，有時(shí)報(bào)價(jià)甚至低于成本。工程難度大的項(xiàng)目 。 國(guó)際上流行的獲勝概率理論表明 :利率越低，中標(biāo)的可能性就越大。有些工程項(xiàng)目 ,業(yè)主要求按某一方案報(bào)價(jià) ,而后再提供幾種可供選擇方案的報(bào)價(jià)。⑶ 暫定項(xiàng)目或選擇項(xiàng)目的報(bào)價(jià) ,如果工程不分標(biāo) ,不會(huì)由另一家承包商施工 ,其中肯定要做的 ,提高單價(jià)投標(biāo) ,而不一定做的則降低單價(jià)投標(biāo)。⑴預(yù)計(jì)今后工程量會(huì)增加的項(xiàng)目 ,單價(jià)適當(dāng)提高 。這些 工程采用高報(bào)的策略 ,有的是可以理解的 ,但存在把握適度的問(wèn)題 ,有的則是業(yè)主應(yīng)該避免和控制的。 (3)特殊的工程 ,如 :地下開(kāi)挖 無(wú)憂論文網(wǎng)工程、 橋梁工程 。 高報(bào)價(jià)策略。決策的前提是企業(yè)要廣泛收集，系統(tǒng)積累大量的信息 .企業(yè)只有在占有大量信息的情況下，知己知彼，不失時(shí)機(jī)地周密研究出既能降低報(bào)價(jià)，易于中標(biāo)，又能使企業(yè)減少利潤(rùn)損失的報(bào)價(jià)方案。從策略運(yùn)用的條件上看 ,承包商在不影響中標(biāo)的前提下 ,利用建設(shè)工程的不確定性 ,埋下伏筆 ,以期結(jié)算時(shí)獲得額外的利潤(rùn)回報(bào)。從運(yùn)用策略的目的分析 ,不論運(yùn)用那種策略 ,不外乎首先是成功中標(biāo) ,其次是為獲取額外利潤(rùn)創(chuàng)造條件 ,最后以取得最大利潤(rùn)