【正文】 D方面對(duì)中國的汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)和其他一些國家進(jìn)行國際比較 。第四章是本文的核心部分，以中國的汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)為例，就貿(mào)易自由化背景下汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的國際競爭力進(jìn)行了分析，簡述其貿(mào)易自由化的進(jìn)程 。然后是關(guān)于貿(mào)易自由化的簡述，從經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化這一大背景談起，闡述了世界貿(mào)易自由化的發(fā)展過程和現(xiàn)狀、貿(mào)易自由化對(duì)國際競爭力的影響以及中國的貿(mào)易自由化的進(jìn)程及內(nèi)容。 在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化條件下，一國所 能獲得的利益最終取決于該國產(chǎn)業(yè)國際競爭力的強(qiáng)弱，對(duì)于中國來講，其產(chǎn)業(yè)國際競爭力的影響因素和基本狀況在貿(mào)易自由化的背景下都有其時(shí)代特征。這對(duì)于我國汽車工業(yè)即是嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)，又是難得的機(jī)遇。但沖擊的大小不僅取決于保護(hù)程度的變化，還取決 于我國汽車工業(yè)國際競爭力的變化。我們應(yīng)該清醒地認(rèn)識(shí)到，經(jīng)過近五十年特別是二十年改革開放后發(fā)展的我國汽車工業(yè)，盡管與世界么平的差距相當(dāng)巨大，但同時(shí)也具有不可多得的巨大的現(xiàn)實(shí)和潛在優(yōu) 勢。文章通過借鑒汽車工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國家實(shí)施產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并對(duì)比我國 1994年和 2OO4年兩部汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)政策 中有關(guān)自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的規(guī)定，提出了支持我國汽車工業(yè)自主開發(fā)的政策建議。 第二章 :該部分描述了世界汽車工業(yè)市場結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)狀，以實(shí)證分析的方法描述了世界汽車工業(yè)與汽車市場和我國汽車工業(yè)與汽車市場的現(xiàn)狀，以及加入 WTO對(duì)中國汽車工業(yè)的影響，提出了發(fā)展汽車工業(yè)的戰(zhàn)略選擇。從國際市場上汽車銷售成本在其售價(jià)中所占的越來越大的比例可以看出，市場營銷對(duì)提高汽車制造企業(yè)競爭力 11 有著越來越重要的作用 .世界汽車市場競爭的發(fā)展趨勢顯示，亞洲特別是中國，將成為未來汽車市場增長最快的地區(qū)。另外，加入了 WTO ，我國的汽車市場將逐步成為國際汽車市場的一部分，通過市場競爭發(fā)展自主技術(shù)產(chǎn)權(quán)，在保持國內(nèi)汽車市場份額的同時(shí)，針對(duì)相對(duì)落后的發(fā)展中國家的需求發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢開拓海外市場，我國的汽車工業(yè)一定能夠成長起來。面對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化，有人建議中國放棄汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)，直接利用國外成熟的汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)，可以避免資源的浪費(fèi)。在上述分析的基礎(chǔ)上，本文結(jié)合中國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀和加入 WTO對(duì)中國影響的背景分析，得出中國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)實(shí)優(yōu)勢和潛在優(yōu)勢，提出中國汽車業(yè)發(fā)展的總體思路和基本戰(zhàn)略。三是在當(dāng)代汽車工業(yè)國計(jì)劃和全球化程度不斷提高的背景下，如何通過與跨國公司的競爭與合作，建立有效的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，贏得中國汽車工業(yè)的生存、發(fā)展和現(xiàn)代化。 中國作為 21世紀(jì)全球最大的汽車消費(fèi)市場，已經(jīng)成為各國汽車業(yè)巨頭爭奪的重要戰(zhàn)略戰(zhàn)場。第四部分則對(duì)日本保護(hù)、培育汽車業(yè)的各種政策手段作了綜合評(píng)述，并通過中日比較提出了一些對(duì)中國扶持汽車業(yè)的建議。二是日本的汽車業(yè)被譽(yù)為戰(zhàn)后在保護(hù)貿(mào)易及其他政府政策的幫助下發(fā)展得最為成功的產(chǎn)業(yè)之一，因 而具有可研究性。 貿(mào)易保護(hù)手段的福利分析 —— 二 戰(zhàn)后日本對(duì)汽車業(yè)的保護(hù) 社會(huì)福利，是政府作出經(jīng)濟(jì)決策的重要依據(jù)，也是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家批判、比較經(jīng)濟(jì)政策優(yōu)劣的首要 9 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本文力圖在前人對(duì)國際競爭力研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上，針對(duì)中國汽車業(yè)國際競爭力建立一個(gè)分析框架，并對(duì)中國汽車業(yè)國際競爭力現(xiàn)狀做出一個(gè)全面的分析和評(píng)價(jià)。本論文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)在于 :(1)研究內(nèi)容上有創(chuàng)新，即對(duì)汽車品牌的培育有一個(gè)較為全面的研究，并形 成戰(zhàn)略體系 。第二，通過實(shí)證分析提出了一些具有可操作性的戰(zhàn)略對(duì)策，對(duì)企業(yè)和整個(gè)產(chǎn)業(yè)有一定的實(shí)際借鑒意義。這對(duì)還不具有自主開發(fā)能力和品牌培育意識(shí)的國內(nèi)企業(yè)來說，無疑是一種極大的沖擊，也足以影響這個(gè)汽車業(yè)的發(fā)展。s automobile industry, the paper analyses the international petitive power of automobile industry under the background of trade liberalization, It carries out some quantitative analysis by using some indexes based on the imports and exports data, assesses the economic benefits since 1992 by means of the model of the maximizing deviations method. Analyses the structure of automobile industry from the perspectives of industry concentration, etc. Lastly the author makes a conclusion that the international petitive power of autoindustry basically presents an increasing trend along with the trade liberalization. 8 我國汽車工業(yè)的自主開發(fā) 在目前市場化、國際化背景下，如何增強(qiáng)我國汽車工業(yè)的自主開發(fā)能力已成為迫切需要解決的問題。 s enter into WTO, analyzing the markets of the main products and the petitive opponents and analyzing the internal conditions such as the main problems faced by the pany, this writer has separately made researches and probed into the strategies of development for CITIC Zhongyuan Automobile Company and the subordinate paniesZhengzhou Nissan Automobile Co.， Ltd and Zhengzhou Light Truck Factory invested by CITIC Zhongyuan Automobile Company so as to try to find a feasible road which enables the cc叩 any to break away from the disadvantageous situation and develop continuously as soon as Possible. With the entrance of 90th century, the international situation of automobile industry changed greatly. Due to the production surplus of international automobile industry, different countries peted fiercely to obtain the automobile market. Many panies adjust their developing strategy and speed the course of globalization to realize the scaleeconomy and get the new market. Merging and rebining 4 bee the symbol of automobile industry globalization. China, the biggest automobile consuming market in the world, has bee the main field of many countries contesting. The Chinese automobile industry has developed for half century. Although china has get great achievements, as for scale or technique, China still drop behind. So how to improve the international situation and realize the modernization of China automobile industry is a basic mission. With the entrance of WTO, Chinese automobile industry faces three challenges: the first, after China entrances WTO, the government trade protection will be canceled. The second, with the economic development and standard of living improved, how to enlarge the consumer demanding? The third, with the automobile industry globalization, how to pete or cooperate with the MNC and build our effective developing strategy? And then we can develop our own auto industry and realize modernization. In the three challenges, the former two is normal and we can get many experiences from other countries. But the third is a real challenge. Other automobile developed countries have not faced this kind of situation. Expect for exactly estimation, we still need great innovation spirit. In the situation of entrance of WTO and globalization of automobile industrial petition, we try to analysis the Chinese automobile industry status quo, including the analysis of industrial structure, market analysis. Through the analysis we try to find out the questions in development strategy, government decision and enterprise management. Then we will analysis the questions and give the reasons. At the same time, we will the introduce the typical representatives of automobile developed countries and new developing countries about their developing strategy, including America, Japan, South Korea, and Mexico. We will conclude the advantages and experiences of above countries. On the base of that, we will bine the situation of Chinese automobile industry and the effecting analyzing of Chinese entrance of WTO. Then we will give out the advantages and potential advantages of Chinese automobile industry and bring forward the basic strategy of Chinese automobile industrial development. At last, we will give some advises about the developing strategy of Chinese automobile industry. These tactics include industrial policy improving, technique improving, petitive improving and c