【正文】 隨著電力系統(tǒng)的高速發(fā)展和計算機技術(shù)、通信技術(shù)的進步，繼電保護技術(shù)面臨著進一步發(fā)展的趨勢。 13 將這些人工智能方法適當(dāng)結(jié)合可使 求解速度更快。 近年來，人工智能技術(shù)如神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、遺傳算法、進化規(guī)劃、模糊邏輯等 在電力系統(tǒng)各個領(lǐng)域都得到了應(yīng)用，在繼電保護領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用的研究也已開始［ 7］。在采用 ota和 otv的情況下，保護裝置應(yīng)放在距 ota和 otv最近的地方，亦即應(yīng)放在被保護設(shè)備附近。所敷設(shè)的大量控制電纜不但要大量投資，而且使二次回路非常復(fù)雜。 12 、控 制、測量、數(shù)據(jù)通信一體化 在實現(xiàn)繼電保護的計算機化和網(wǎng)絡(luò)化的條件下，保護裝置實際上就是一臺高性能、多功能的計算機，是整個電力系統(tǒng)計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的一個智能終端。在母線區(qū)外故障時，各保護單元都計算為外部故障均不動作。對自適應(yīng)保護原理的研究已經(jīng)過很長的時間，也取得了一定的成果，但要真正實現(xiàn)保護對系統(tǒng)運行方式和故障狀態(tài)的自適應(yīng)，必須獲得更多的系統(tǒng)運行和故障信息，只有實現(xiàn)保護的 計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)化，才能做到這一點。顯然，實現(xiàn)這種系統(tǒng)保護的基本條件是將全系統(tǒng)各主要設(shè)備的保護裝置用計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)聯(lián)接起來，亦即實現(xiàn)微機保護裝置的網(wǎng)絡(luò)化。這主要是由于缺乏強有力的數(shù)據(jù)通信手段。 計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為信息和數(shù)據(jù)通信工具已成為信息時代的技術(shù)支柱，使人類生產(chǎn)和社會生活的面貌發(fā)生了根 本變化。 (2)尺寸和結(jié)構(gòu)與目前的微機保護裝置相似，工藝精良、防震、防過熱、防電磁干擾能力強，可運行于非常惡劣的工作環(huán)境，成本可接受。由于當(dāng)時小型機體積大、成本高、可靠性差，這個設(shè)想是不現(xiàn)實的。 cpu 的寄存器、數(shù)據(jù)總線、地址總線都是 32位的，具有存儲器管理功能、存儲器保護功能和任務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)換功能，并將高速緩存 (cache)和浮點數(shù)部件都集成在 cpu 內(nèi)。 南京電力自動化研究院一開始就研制了 16位 cpu 為基礎(chǔ)的微機線路保護，已得到大面積推廣，目前也在 研究 32位保護硬件系統(tǒng)。 2 繼電保護的未來發(fā)展 繼電保護技術(shù)未來趨勢是向計算機化，網(wǎng)絡(luò)化， 智能化，保護、控制、測量和數(shù)據(jù)通信一體化發(fā)展。天津大學(xué)與南京電力自動化設(shè)備廠合作研制的微機相電壓補償式方向高頻保護，西安交通大學(xué)與許昌繼電器廠合作研制的正序故障分量方向高頻保護也相繼于 199 1996年通過鑒定。華中理工大學(xué)、東南大學(xué)、華北電力學(xué)院、西安交通大學(xué)、天津大學(xué)、上海交通大學(xué)、重慶大學(xué)和南京電力自動化研究院都相繼研制了不同原理、不同型式的微機保護裝置。到 80年代末集成電路保護已形成完整系列，逐漸取代晶體管保護。 自 50年代末，晶體管繼電保護已在開始研究。 50年代，我國工程技術(shù)人員創(chuàng)造性地吸收、消化、掌握了國外先進的繼電保護設(shè)備性能和運行技術(shù)，建成了一支具有深厚繼電保護理論造詣和豐富運行經(jīng)驗的繼電保護技術(shù)隊伍，對全國繼電保護技術(shù)隊伍的建立和成長起了指導(dǎo)作用 。 If thinks after the work method, passes through the massive breakdowns sample training, so long as the sample centralism has fully considered each kind of situation, then in breaks down time any all may correctly distinguish. Other like geic algorithms, the evolution plan and so on also all have its unique solution plex question the ability. May cause the solution speed these artificial intelligence method suitable unions to be quicker. The Tianjin University carries on the nerve work type relay protection from 1996 the research, has yielded the preliminary result ]. May foresee, the artificial intelligence technology must be able to obtain the application in the relay protection domain, by solves the problem which solves with difficulty with the conventional method. 3 Conclution Since the founding of China39。s function. Huazhong University of Science and Technology, southeast the university, the North China electric power institute, the Xian Jiaotong University, the Tianjin University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, the Chongqing University and the Nanjing electric power automation research institute one after another has all developed the different principle, the different pattern microcomputer protective device. In 1984 the original North China electric power institute developed the transmission line microputer protective device first through the appraisal, and in the system the find application, had opened in our country relay protection history the new page, protected the promotion for the microputer to pave the way. In the host equipment protection aspect, the generator which southeast the university and Huazhong University of Science and Technology develops loses magism protection, the generator protection and the generator?Bank of transformers protection also one after another in 1989, in 1994 through appraisal, investment movement. The Nanjing electric power automation research institute develops microputer line protective device also in 1991 through appraisal. The Tianjin University and the Nanjing electric power automation plant cooperation development microputer phase voltage pensated the type direction high frequency protection, the Xian Jiaotong University and the Xu Chang relay factory cooperation development positive sequence breakdown ponent direction high frequency protection also one after another in 1993, in 1996 through the appraisal. Heres, the different principle, the different type microputer line and the host equipment protect unique, provided one batch of new generation of performance for the electrical power system fine, the function has been plete, the work reliable relay protection installment. Along with the microputer protective device research, in microputer aspect and so on protection software, algorithm has also yielded the very many theories result. May say started our country relay protection technology from the 9039。s, started based on the integration operational amplifier integrated circuit protection to study. Has formed the plete series to at the end of 8039。s. This is a time which the mechanical and electrical relay protection prospers, was our country relay protection technology development has laid the solid foundation. From the end of the 5039。 1 Relay protection development present situation Institution:Tianjin Electric Power Association [ Abstract ] reviewed our country electrical power system relay protection technological development process, has outlined the microputer relay protection technology achievement, proposed the future relay protection technological development tendency will be: Computerizes, worked, protects, the control, the survey, the data munication integration and the artificial intellectualization. [ Key word ] relay protection present situation development， relay protections future development 1 relay protection development present situation The electrical power