【正文】
D8+T細(xì)胞識(shí)別,第八十四頁,共一百頁。,HLAⅡ類分子遞呈外源性抗原 供CD4+T細(xì)胞識(shí)別,第八十五頁,共一百頁。,MHC限制性(MHC restriction),T細(xì)胞與APC或靶細(xì)胞相互作用時(shí),必須識(shí)別相應(yīng)MHC分子結(jié)合遞呈的抗原肽,第八十六頁,共一百頁。,MHC對(duì)免疫應(yīng)答的遺傳調(diào)控,第八十七頁,共一百頁。,Example: If MHC X was the only type of MHC molecule,Population threatened with extinction,第八十八頁,共一百頁。,Example: If each individual could make two MHC molecules, MHC X and Y,第八十九頁,共一百頁。,Example: If each individual could make two MHC molecules, MHC X and Y……and the pathogen mutates,Population threatened with extinction,Survival of individual threatened,The number of types of MHC molecule can not be increased ad infinitum,….until it mutates to evade MHC Y,第九十頁,共一百頁。,From 2 MHC types and 2 variants……. 10 different genotypes,Variants of each type of MHC molecule increase the resistance of the population from rapidly mutating or newly encountered pathogens without increasing the number of types of MHC molecule,Variant MHC molecules protect the population,第九十一頁,共一百頁。,第六節(jié) HLA與醫(yī)學(xué),第九十二頁,共一百頁。,HLA在醫(yī)學(xué)上的意義,HLA與器官移植 HLA與疾病的關(guān)聯(lián) HLA與法醫(yī)學(xué),第九十三頁,共一百頁。,一、HLA與器官移植,人體移植排斥反應(yīng)中的主要靶抗原 MHC多態(tài)性導(dǎo)致供受者HLA型別的差異 移植前HLA配型,第九十四頁,共一百頁。,第九十五頁,共一百頁。,二、HLA與疾病的關(guān)聯(lián),關(guān)聯(lián) 指某些特定HLA型別的個(gè)體易患某些疾病(正相關(guān))或?qū)δ承┘膊∮休^強(qiáng)的抵抗力(負(fù)相關(guān)) 關(guān)聯(lián)程度 相對(duì)危險(xiǎn)性(RR,relative risk),第九十六頁,共一百頁。,第九十七頁,共一百頁。,第九十八頁,共一百頁。,三、HLA與法醫(yī)學(xué),個(gè)體識(shí)別 ??? 親子鑒定 ???,第九十九頁,共一百頁。,內(nèi)容總結(jié),第10章 主要組織相容性復(fù)合體 Major Histocompatibility Complex,MHC。首先發(fā)現(xiàn)于白細(xì)胞表面,且白細(xì)胞是進(jìn)行此類抗原研究的最適宜材料來源。DR5,5。C10,10。指在某一群體中,不同座位上某兩個(gè)基因出現(xiàn)在同一條單元型上的頻率與期望值之間有顯著差異的現(xiàn)象。α1和α2組成的抗原肽結(jié)合槽。由Ⅱ類基因編碼α鏈、β鏈。αβ1組成, 抗原肽結(jié)合槽。αβ2組成。親子鑒定,第一百頁,共一百頁。,