【正文】 of…can help us to…（對(duì)??仔細(xì)的研究可以幫助我們??）(17)It is almost impossible that …（沒有??，??幾乎是不可能的。）(18)The more…the more…（??越??，??就越??）寫作時(shí)，作者常引用一些統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)把問題呈現(xiàn)在讀者面前，然后加以分析。這些數(shù)據(jù)來源非常廣泛，常見的主要借助于報(bào)刊、電視等大致媒體，社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)或政府部門公布的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)和結(jié)果。用這些具體的數(shù)據(jù)作為論證材料，使讀者覺得生動(dòng)和真實(shí)可信。(1)According to the recent survey(poll, consults),…h(huán)as increased(decreased,spiraled)…from X percent to Y percent(at a rate of X percent,by X percent, to X percent)…（根據(jù)最近的一次調(diào)查/名義調(diào)查/普查，??從X%增加/降低/上升到Y(jié)%；??以X%的比例上升。??增加/降低了/到X%。）(2)According to the national Health Organization, …increased X times pared with 1990(from1981 to 1998).（據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織統(tǒng)計(jì)，和1990年相比/從1981到1998，??增加了X倍。）(3)A report by the State Statistical Bureau points out that the number of …is half(twice)as much as the national average.（國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局的一份報(bào)告指出，??數(shù)量是全國平均數(shù)的一半/兩倍。）(4)According to reliable(official)statistics(data)provide by …the percentage(rats, number)has almost doubled, as against(pared with)1990.（據(jù)可靠/官方統(tǒng)計(jì)，和1990年相比，這個(gè)比例/數(shù)字已幾乎增長了一倍。）(5)It makes up X percent of the total.（它占總數(shù)的X%。）眾所周知，任何文章只要有頭就要有尾，以使整篇文章結(jié)構(gòu)完整、和諧。從歷年閱卷的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來看，任何虎頭蛇尾的文章都不可能獲得好的成績(jī)。一般來講，文章的結(jié)尾對(duì)整篇文章起三個(gè)重要作用：一是總結(jié)全文，使其前后照應(yīng)，從而加強(qiáng)讀者對(duì)文章要點(diǎn)的印象；二是提出解決所論及問題的方案或建議；三是促使讀者對(duì)該問題的前景或未來發(fā)展趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行深層次的思索?？偨Y(jié)性的句型主要用于通過文章前面內(nèi)容的討論，進(jìn)而總結(jié)出文章的中心思想和主要觀點(diǎn)。(1)From what has been discussed above, we may safely e to the conclusion that…（從上面的討論我們可以有把握地得出結(jié)論??）(2)Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably reach the conclusion that…（考慮到所有的這些因素，我們有理由得出結(jié)論??）(3)The analysis we have made leads to an unshakable conclusion that…（從我們所作的分析，可以得出一個(gè)不可動(dòng)搖的結(jié)論??）(4)In a word, we should…（總之，我們應(yīng)該??）(5)In conclusion, it is more important than…（總之，它比??更重要。）在作者表明自己的觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度以及建議后，有時(shí)用揭示后果型句子來說明如果某一問題得不到解決，或不采取某種措施、行動(dòng)的話，將會(huì)產(chǎn)生某些不良甚而嚴(yán)重的后果，進(jìn)而更加引起讀者對(duì)文章主題的關(guān)注。(1)We must look(search)for an immediate measure(action), because the present situation of …If it is allowed to continue , it will certainly reasult in the heavy cost of …（我們應(yīng)該尋求一個(gè)立即解決的措施，因?yàn)槟壳??的趨勢(shì)。如果聽任其發(fā)展下去，就會(huì)給??造成重大損失。）(2)No doubt, if we can’t improve the situation, it is very likely that …will put in danger.（毫無疑問，如果我們不能改變這種狀況，很有可能有??的危險(xiǎn)。）(3)Obviously, if we are blind to the problem ,the chances are that …will be put in danger.（很明顯，如果我們對(duì)這個(gè)問視而不見，很可能有??的危險(xiǎn)。）(4)Any person who ignores the warning would pay a heavy price!（任何忽視這個(gè)警告的人將付出沉重的代價(jià)。）(5)Any society that fails to learn from the lesson would e to no good end.（任何社會(huì)如不從中吸取教訓(xùn)，必將產(chǎn)生不良的后果。）(6)We need to take a fresh look at the matter more seriously, otherwise ,we are doomed to fail.（我們需要以新的眼光更加嚴(yán)肅地看待這一問題，否則，我們注定會(huì)失敗的。）在文章作者揭示出所存在的問題，表明自己的觀點(diǎn)、立場(chǎng)后，常常在文章結(jié)尾時(shí)針對(duì)該問題的解決提出建議性的意見。其中包括建議和具體的解決問題的方法。(1)It is suggested that great efforts should be made to achieve the goal.（有人建議，為實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)，應(yīng)作出更大的努力）(2)In short , we should …。we must …（總之，我們應(yīng)該??；我們必須??。）(3)In any case , it must …。it ought to …（在任何情況下，它必須??；它必須??）(4)We need to …。we need to …（我們需要??；我們需要??）(5)What we need is …。what we need is …（我們所需要的是??；我們所需要的是??）(6)It is high time that … Here are a few examples of some of the measures that might be taken immediately.（該到了??的時(shí)候了。這里只是現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該立即采取的措施的幾個(gè)例子。）(7)Although it can’t be solved immediately, still there are most important is …Another way is…（盡管它不可能立即得到解決，但還是有辦法的。最重要的是??。另外一個(gè)辦法是??）(8)Awareness of the problem is the first step toward the solution.（意識(shí)到這個(gè)問題是解決它的第一步。）如果作者在結(jié)尾時(shí)明確指出所討論問題的重大意義，讀者就會(huì)更加重視該問題。讓讀者認(rèn)識(shí)到該問題的解決將會(huì)產(chǎn)生的深遠(yuǎn)意義及光輝前景，以引起他們的共鳴。(1)Following these methods may not solve all the problems, but they are worth the will benefit …。it will contribute …（也許遵照這些方法不能解決所有的問題，但它們值得去努力。它將利于??；它將助于??）(2)The suggestions mentioned above may not guaranyee the success, but they deserve our will help …。it will benefit …（上面所提出的建議也許不能保證成功，但它們值得我們?nèi)ヅ?。它將助??；它將利于??）(3)The importance of …cannot be will…。it can …（??的重要性再怎樣強(qiáng)調(diào)也不過分。它將??；它能??）(4)The significance of … cannot be can…。it will…（??的重大意義再怎樣強(qiáng)調(diào)也不過分。它能??；它將??）(5)Anyhow it has a profound influence, for it stands for a sharp break with the traditional notion of…（無論怎樣，它有著深遠(yuǎn)的影響，因?yàn)樗蛡鹘y(tǒng)的??觀念有很大的區(qū)別。）(6)Anyway, whether it does us good or harm, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly …（不過，無論它對(duì)我們是有害還是有益，有一點(diǎn)是肯定的，那就是它無疑將??）(7)We are entering a new era which requires …（我們正進(jìn)入一個(gè)新的紀(jì)元，它要求??）作者提出建議和指出重要性后，許多問題作者作為個(gè)人肯定無法解決，所以，他必須呼吁讀者行動(dòng)起來，或督促相關(guān)部門采取行動(dòng)或?qū)λ懻摰膯栴}引起高度重視。(1)It might be time to take the advice of…and to put special emphasis on the improvement of…（應(yīng)該到聽取??建議并特別重視??的改善的時(shí)候了。）(2)It is time that we put an immediate end to the unhealthy phenomenon of…（該我們馬上結(jié)束??這種不良的現(xiàn)象了。）(3)It is essentinl that effective measures shoud be taken to prevent the tendence.（采取各種措施防止這種趨勢(shì)非常重要。）(4)There is no doubt that further attention must be paid to the problem of…（毫無疑問，一定要進(jìn)一步地重視??問題。）(5)Obviously, ….If we want to …, it is vital that …（顯然，??。如果我們要想??，??就很重要）如果說引用語作為文章開頭能起到點(diǎn)明主題、引人入勝的效果的話，以引言作為文章結(jié)尾卻能達(dá)到畫龍點(diǎn)睛，一語概括全文的效果。這樣的結(jié)尾呼照前文、生動(dòng)、富有哲理，使讀者回味無窮。(1)Edison is right in saying that …（愛迪生說??，這是正確的。）(2)“No pains, no gains.” Yes, if you …, you … should …（“不勞就無獲”。是啊，如果你要??，你就應(yīng)該??）(3)Yes, as …once said,”…”（是啊，正如??曾經(jīng)說過：“??”）對(duì)某個(gè)問題有了解的辦法和方向以后，除了建議人怎么做以外，寫作者應(yīng)聯(lián)系自己的實(shí)際表明為該問題的解決盡某方面的努力。這種從我做起的態(tài)度具誠、真摯的效果，更令讀者信服。(1)As a young college student, I should be aware of…（作為一個(gè)大學(xué)生，我應(yīng)該意識(shí)到??）(2)As builders of the 21st century, we should be responsible for…（作為21世紀(jì)的建設(shè)者，我們應(yīng)對(duì)??負(fù)責(zé)任。）(3)As a youth of new China, I will…otherwise, I will not live up to…’s expectation.（作為新中國青年，我將??。否則我將辜負(fù)??的希望。）圖表作文是大學(xué)英語四、六級(jí)考試和研究生英語考試中常見題型，掌握其常用句型十分重要。由于它只是屬于論說文中的一種，因此許多相關(guān)句型我們?cè)谇懊娴诓糠郑ㄎ恼抡牟糠謱懽鞯某Ｓ镁湫停┲幸呀?jīng)給出，現(xiàn)在讓我們?cè)僖淮沃貜?fù)部分句型，使大家能熟練地掌握。(1)As can be seen from the table(graph, chart, diagram)…（從圖表中可以看出??）(2)According to the table(graph, chart, diagram)…（根據(jù)圖表??）(3)As is shown in the table(figure, chart, diagram)…（正如圖表中所表明??）(4)It can be seen from the table(figure,chart,diagram,figure,statistics)that（從圖表中可以看出??）(5)There was a very dramatic(slight,sharp,rapid,marked,steady)rise(increase,fall,decrease,deline,drop)…（……有一個(gè)顯著/輕微/穩(wěn)定的上升/增加/下降。）(6)A…, while(on the other hand ,whereas)B…（A??，而/另一方面B卻??）(7)A makes up X percent of the total.（A占總數(shù)的X%。）(8)A is about twice as much as B.（A是B的兩倍。）(9)One may