【正文】 ns, the east and west, with Shanxi Province as the dividing west part is a rammed earth construction, about meters high on the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to Wall of those sections is meters high and meters wide at its base, narrowing to meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop watchtowers are built at approximately 400meters top stories of the watchtower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison highest watchtower at Badaling standing on a hilltop, is reached only after a steep climb, like “climbing a ladder to heaven”.There stand 14 major passes(Guan, in Chinese)at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of as “Tian Xia Di YI Guan”(The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty.(16441911)As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the Venice charter says: “Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events.” The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage 【三】Referred to as “Beijing, Beijing is the capital of China, the country39。s political and cultural center and international munication hub, is also a famous historical and cultural city, filled with the gas of the emperor, and early as 700000 years ago, in the Beijing choukoution area the primitive munity ”Peking person“.Beijing39。s first recorded name is ”ji“(thistle).In 1045 BC, bee the thistle, the capital of yan ducal 221 BC, qin shi huang unified China to 937 AD, Beijing has always been a town in the north of China and the capital city of the local , the rule of liaoning in the north of China in Beijing(called yanjing)for capital。Later, jin, yuan, Ming and qing to every generation in the capital, more than 650 years before and October 1, 1949 of the founding of the People39。s Republic of China, Beijing as the capital of new is the world39。s largest, aross, heavily guarded palaces of the Forbidden City, shows the tolerance of the Summer Palace royal gardens, temple of heaven worship temple, imperial gardens in the north sea, badaling and mutianyu, simatai Great Wall and the world39。s largest courtyard respectful wang fu and other places of appearing more magnanimouses a cultural ancient capital, thousands of years, precipitated the rich history and culture here, not to mention the royal architectural style is elegant, the objects in the alley alone, a brick in the courtyard, the summer in a moment, had told us that it39。s the past residence of celebrities all the sections of vigorous historical stories, that these sites, all in recounting a deeprooted historical all this did not prevent it and the cohesion and blending of the modernization, broad changan avenue traffic, crisscross road overpass, the wangfujing walking street flashing neon, sanlitun bar street due, bright lights, swaying the colour of profusion, with ”China39。s silicon valley, said the noisy zhongguancun, became the capital is the pride of the of Beijing is moving toward a more brilliant tomorrow ran into.