外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動化液壓泵中英文對照-資料下載頁
2025-11-27 05:19本頁面
【導(dǎo)讀】轉(zhuǎn)換為流動的液壓能。這些流體也有潛在的能量能夠克服系統(tǒng)阻力進(jìn)行流動，記住液壓泵提。供了一個(gè)產(chǎn)生流量和輸出功率的力。壓力作用下推動液壓油通過入口過濾器和油路進(jìn)入泵的吸油腔。壓油到出口并進(jìn)入液壓系統(tǒng)，正如表5-1所示。當(dāng)液壓油離開泵時(shí)，它就會遭遇系統(tǒng)的工作。壓力，這種壓力是由調(diào)壓閥、系統(tǒng)的外負(fù)載和液流的管路損失所產(chǎn)生的。液壓泵是基于他的物理排油機(jī)制和基本操作原理來分類的。正排量泵在入口和出口之間裝備了一個(gè)機(jī)械分離裝置。來最大限度的減少內(nèi)部泄漏和滑移。大多數(shù)液壓泵是回轉(zhuǎn)型的正排量。正排量泵分為定量泵和變量泵。定量泵的流量只能通過改變泵的轉(zhuǎn)速來調(diào)節(jié)，因?yàn)楸玫?。變量泵比定量泵更?fù)雜，因此成本更高。這些變量泵更低的效率有些時(shí)候抵消了部分更高的系統(tǒng)整體效。例如,更高的速度發(fā)生在由內(nèi)燃機(jī)驅(qū)動的變速液壓泵。一個(gè)液壓泵超出其額定速度通常會減少它的使用壽命。許多有液壓泵的使用壽命是10000小時(shí),或者大
【正文】 ually operate at a constant speed and include speeds of 2021 rpm and higher. Some industrial hydraulic pumps are rated at speeds of up to 4000 rpm. The maximum safe speed for a rotating pump is limited by the pump’s ability to avoid cavitation and high outlet pressures. Most rotating pumps also require a minimum operating speed. Although these speeds usually are not critical, pumps operating at high pressures require a minimum speed in order to prevent overheating or internal slippage. Maximum speed and pressure ratings for pumps often are given for both intermittent and continuous operation. Continuous ratings describe the maximum speed and pressure at which a pump can be operated for a normal design life (about 10000 hours). Intermittent ratings are maximum speed and pressure at which a pump can be operated safely for short times and still have a satisfactory service life. Operating a hydraulic pump beyond its drive speed ratings usually reduces its service life. As pointed out earlier, the pressure a system exerts on the hydraulic pump directly affects the delivery rate of the pump. As the pressure increases, the flow rate of the pump decreases. The amount of decrease varies depending on the type of pump used. This change in flow affects the pump’s efficiency. Pump efficiency is described in two ways: Volumetric efficiency the ratio of the actual delivery rate to the theoretical displacement Overall efficiencythe ratio of the hydraulic power output to the mechanical power input. The reliability of a pump is determined by how well the characteristics of the pump are matched to the requirements of the system. Reliability can also be measured in maintenance time. Items such a how much fluid is required, how well the system is designed and maintained, where the pump is located, and how durable it is, all are related to reliability. The service life of a pump is rated in hours of operation. Many hydraulic pumps hava a service life of 10000 hours, or about one year. Other operate for three or five years at about 5000 hours per year, for a total of 15000 or more hours. The service life depends on the design and construction of the pump as well as on the application.
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