【導(dǎo)讀】Abstract……………………本文作者結(jié)合國內(nèi)外脫口秀節(jié)。目主持人的語言表達(dá),初步探討TalkShow節(jié)目主持人的語言特點(diǎn)。節(jié)目時(shí)很注意自己表達(dá)的語音和語調(diào)，常用禮貌用語，第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)“我們”和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。常用句式是一般疑問句和弱化了的特殊疑問句。主持人還喜歡用暗喻、雙關(guān)、委婉修辭手段。來避免一些直接的表達(dá)以維護(hù)嘉賓的面子。因此主持人應(yīng)該綜合把握每一方面。

　　

【正文】 you succeed in your career？ “ please” is a formal expression used to indicate a polite request. It 19 is seldom used between people who are close enough to each other. But in this case, when the host asks the guests to have a ment， he chooses to use it rather than the imperative sentence monly used between people with a close relationship. The word shows respect for the guest and helps to create a friendly relationship with the guest and will not make them feel imposed on. This word is monly used in talk show to show politeness and respect. Frequent Use of Model Verbs Modality is an important concept for both relational and expressive values in grammar. Modality is to do with the speaker or writer authority， and there are two dimensions to modality, depending on what direction authority is oriented in. Firstly， if it is a matter of the authority of one participant in relation to others， there is relational modality. Secondly， if it is a matter of the speaker or writer?s authority with respect to the truth or probability of a representation of reality， there is expressive modality. In the context of talk show， the paper focuses on the former. In English， modality is often expressed by modal auxiliary verbs like may， might， must， should， can， can’ t， ought， etc. The equivalents in Chinese include 可以，可能，必須，應(yīng)該，能不能 etc. The authority and power relations can be expressed through use of modality. Here are two examples. ⑦ 20 Host: 您能不能講一講房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商他們有什么委屈 ? ⑧ Host: 那從這個(gè)穿鞋的故事我們不知道能不能問一下米爾頓先生，這當(dāng)中有沒有推銷和營銷之間的區(qū)別呢 ? The first example is drawn from “Tell it as it is” and the second from “Dialogue”. Both hosts are putting questions to the guests. In their questions, they both employ the modal expression 能不能 , which is a reflection of the implicit power of the host. The host seemingly suggests it is the guest?s right to decide whether to answer the question or not, and is actually making a request in a polite way, which can be well understood by the guest on the basis of mon sense. In the first example, the question sounds more like a negotiation than a requirement. It is less imposing than the direct question “房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商他們有什么委屈？ ”. Actually the host is exercising his power indirectly in drawing information from addressee, as the addressee here is obliged to answer the question. Meanwhile, he achieves solidarity with the addressee, making him feel he is respected and thus quite ready to give the information asked for. Frequent Use of Pronoun “We” Pronouns may have relational values of different sorts. In talk show， the firsperson pronoun “we”(in Chinese 我們 )is most frequently 21 used. Let us look at several examples. ⑨ Host: ??所以我會(huì)有一些問題請教二位。賈院長先給我們 講 一講，什么叫醫(yī)療意外 ? ⑩ Host: 我們先來聽一聽童家威先生，你覺得是不是這個(gè)溝通和資本的 溝通是特別重要的一件事 ? The first example is drawn from “Tell it as it is” and the second one from “Dialogue”. In these examples, the firstperson pronoun “我們 ” is the socalled “inclusive” 我們 , of the audience as well as the speaker. Here the host uses“我們 ”to include himself， everyone present and the potential audience before the television. By doing so， He is making an implicit authority claimthat he has the authority to speak for others. This is best reflected in the second example. In this example， Cui Yongyuan first points out the land developers may have their own remarks on the model house. Then he says: “we can listen to what they have to say.” With the inclusive we， he is exercising his power by supposing that the actual and potential audience are all willing to listen. 22 Chapter 4 Syntactical Features On the level of grammar， the paper is mainly concerned with modes of sentence , modality and pronouns， which are important in manifesting relations between speakers of Talk Show program. Sentence Modes There are three major sentence modes: declarative, grammatical and imperative question. These three modes position subjects differently. In the case of a typical declarative， the subject position of the speaker/writer is that of a giver(of information), and the addressee?s position is that of a receiver. In the case of the imperative， the speake in the position of asking something of the addressee (action on the latter?s part)， while the addressee is (ideally) a pliant actor. In a grammatical question， the speaker is again asking something of the addressee and the addressee is in the position of a provider of information. But there is not a onetoone relationship between modes and the positioning of subjects. In English , a declarative may have the value of a request for information, a grammatical question may have the value of demand for action， and an imperative can be a suggestion (try taking the lid off). In Chinese， there 23 is the similar case. Sentence Modes in Talk Show Host Language Now let us examine how these modes of sentence are employed in talk show to exercise the host?s power for various purposes. Talk show is in nature a discussion under the guidance of the host. So asking questions for information is the most mon means employed by the host to fulfill his responsibility of guiding the flow of the talk. And asking is generally a position of power. In “Tell it as it”，grammatical questions are found everywhere, some of which are listed as follows: ○ 11 Host: 其實(shí)我也特別喜歡這個(gè)稱呼，但是就不知道是什么意思，特派員什么意思？ ○12 Host: 他們怎么能相信你呢 ? ○ 13 Host: 這發(fā)明出以后，您找到了么地方去 推 廣 這個(gè)項(xiàng) 目呢 ? The above three questions are all whquestions. The host here is asking the addressees to give the required information in detail. These questions are often well designed in advance and the information 24 involved is generally what the audience?s concern. In some sense the host is exercising some power on the addressees for the addressees usuall