【導(dǎo)讀】法，而對(duì)比藝術(shù)的運(yùn)用更為突出。本文將著重從主題的對(duì)比和意象的。借助來(lái)探討和論證這些對(duì)比在整首詩(shī)中所起的舉足輕重的作用。生的強(qiáng)烈渴望和希冀。

　　

【正文】 in contrast symbolic meanings, which greatly help to deepen the theme of the poem. Contrast in the Symbolic Meaning of Water The Dying State Caused by Water Shortage in the Waste Land Just as we have mentioned before, Eliot employs the myth of Holy Grail as a major model of image. It tells the story of the maimed Fisher King whose impotence leads to the drought of his kingdom, He has to fish at the bank. In the 齊齊哈爾大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）用紙 27 ancient world, fish was related to lifeforce (vitality) yet, the existence of fish must rely on water. Water, in The Waste Land, is a key image. Each part of the poem deals with water, such as rain, river, sea and so on. The Burial of the Dead” begin with April mixing” memory and desire stirring /Dull roots with spring rain” and summer surprising the characters” with a shower of rain” ”A Came of Chess” begins with an allusion to Cleopatra in her river barge.” The Fire Sermon” takes water as a major symbolic element “Death by Water” collects the earlier references to water “What the Thunder Said” continues the plex sequence of references to rain, river, boat, wetness and dryness. Due to lack of water, the waste land bees dry and arid. Accordingly, water plays very important role in all the scenes of the poem. The following lines five us an impression of what role water plays on the waste land. Here is no water but only rock Rock and on water and sandy road The road winding above among the mountains 齊齊哈爾大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）用紙 28 Which are mountains of rock without water If there were water we should stop and think Amongst the rock one cannot stop or think In such a state, the waste land is in great demand of water. The wastelanders are nearly dying of thirst, we can see from the above lines, the waste land if full of rock and sand but no water. The physical longing for water is extended by analogy to the state of mind and soul.” If there were water, we should stop and think/Among the rock one cannot stop or think” so water here symbolizes life both physically and spiritually. The Life Signal Originated from Water The Waste Land is in the lack of water, but there is a paradox that water in its variation runs through the whole poem: ”Spring rain” ”fetful sow” “a shower of rain” “the hot water at ten “ “The Thames river, the bank water the Fisher King is fishing .To understand the paradox, we shall study the image of water from the voice of prophets denounces that is man has betrayed the source of his living 齊齊哈爾大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）用紙 29 water and dig a well of their own, which is broken with no function of storing water. In this sense ”water” symbolizes life to disciples benefited from Jesus. The wastelanders are in great demand of water of desire. But water is everywhere .It is the water of death or the water of desire. Drowned in the sea of lust, the watelanders bee selfish and degenerated. Their life is actually spiritually dead. It lack of water is the cause of human?s physical waste land, man?s indulgence in the sea of lust is a cause human?s spiritual waste land what they are lack of is the water in religious sense . the salvation from God. In part one, wastelanders straggle with” memory and desire” in the “spring rain” but eventually fell warm with the “fetful snow” In short, they are living dead in dead water Part two, the hysterical woman is bored with life and what she will do tomorrow is to wait “the hot water at ten” Lil and her friend chat about her rotten marriage while drinking wine(a variation of water) Part Three on the bank of river there is no longer the beautiful singing by the nymphs, as found in Spenser?s Prothalamion, the modern nymphs girl mow have 齊齊哈爾大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）用紙 30 left the testimony of summer nights therethe sweet Thames is polluted and blocked up by empty bottles, sandwich papers, cardboard boxes and “sweats ail and tar” The Fisher King is fishing in the “dull” canal on a winter evening, musing upon ”death”. The typist, after carrying on a loveless love with the young man “with automatic hand”, puts a record on the gramophone and” This music crept by me upon the water” Elizabeth and Lexcester flirt while beating oars in the water. Water, in the previous parts, is apparently connected with death, desire and void, water can originator life but at the same time, water can also bring death to all living things. The most important and powerful instance of Eliot?s interest in water image is in Section four “Death by Water” Phlebas the Phoenician, a fortnight dead Fot the cry of gulls, and the deep sea swell And the profit and loss A current under sea He passed the stages of his age and youth Entering the whirlpool 齊齊哈爾大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）用紙 31 Gentile or Jew O you who turn the wheel and look to windward Consider phlebas, who was once handsome and tell as you. This part involves death and water by its title, phelebas, the Phoenician sailor is drowned in the sea of desire with “profit and loss” However, his peaceful surrender of the body to the water suggests an acceptance of death as well as change or revival since “death by water” is also a ritual rite of regeneration. So here, water is not only a symbol of death but also alludes to regeneration or potential revival .In the old Phoenician myth, Adonis is God of birth every year people will hold a ceremony at Alexandrid Part to cast the head of Adonis? effigy will be perished to the beach again by water, which symbolizes the resurrection of the God with Christian ideas in mind Eliot fives water certain religious significance. As we know that if a person wants to convert to Christianity he must be baptized The Bible says. Do you know that all o