【正文】 ry important．（主語從句）他們在做的事似乎很重要。My hope is that he will be the best student in the class．（表語從句）我的愿望是他能夠成為班上最好的學(xué)生。Nobody knows who he is．（賓語從句）大家都不知道他是誰。I don39。t like the idea that money is everything．（同位語從句）我不喜歡金錢就是一切這一觀點(diǎn)。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞中，除了that，if和whether之外其它的都作從句中的一個(gè)成分?！举e語從句】在句子中作動(dòng)詞或介詞賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的詞有連詞that，whether，if；連接代詞who，which，what以及其強(qiáng)調(diào)形式 whoever，whichever，whatever； 連接副詞 when，where，why，how等。例如：Do you know where the Greens live?I have no interest in how rich he is．賓語從句主要用于下面五種結(jié)構(gòu)：1．由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（that 引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，特別是在口語中可省略）The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets．that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句多用于say，think，insist，wish，hope，demand，imagine，wonder，know，suppose，see，believe，agree，admit，deny，expect，explain，order，mand，feel，dream，suggest，hear，mean，notice，prefer，request，require，propose，declare，report等后。當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞是 think，believe，suppose，expect 等詞，而賓語從句的意思是否定時(shí)，常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。例如：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that．（＝ I think it is not right for him …．）that不能省略的情況：（1）當(dāng)句中的動(dòng)詞后接多于兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可省，但后面的that不可省。如：He said（that）you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked notto tell you．（2）當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞與that賓語從句之間有插入語時(shí)，that一般不可省。如：Just then I noticed，for the first time，that our master was wearing his fine greencoat and his black silk cap．（3）當(dāng)that從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時(shí)，that不可省。如：I can’t tell him that his mother died． 2．由特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句這樣的賓語從句實(shí)際上是由特殊疑問句變化而來的，賓語從句要用陳述句語序。用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞常常是：see，say，tell，ask，answer，know，decide，show，find out，imagine，suggest，doubt，wonder，discover，understand，inform，advise等。I can’t decide which book I should buy． 3．由whether（if）引導(dǎo)的賓語從句I wonder whether（if）they will e to our party．由whether（if）引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，實(shí)際上是一般疑問句演變而來的。意思是“是否”。賓語從句要用陳述句語序。一般說來，在賓語從句中whether與if可以互換使用。4．賓語從句后帶有賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，需用it作形式賓語，而把賓語從句放在句后，這時(shí)that不省略。例如：He thought it wrong that they left the child alone at home．【表語從句】在句子中作表語的從句叫做表語從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的詞有連詞that，whether；連接代詞who，what，which；連接副詞when，where，how，why以及其它連詞as if，as though，because等。例如：The question is whether it is worth reading．They are just what I want．That’s why they were late．1．含有表語從句的復(fù)合句中的主語通常是fact，truth，explanation，problem，opinion，view等。如：The fact is that fish can39。t go without water．事實(shí)是魚離開水不能存活。2． as if（as though）也可以用于表語從句。但多是以下面形式出現(xiàn)。主語＋look（seem）as if＋從句如：It looked as if it was going to snow．It seems as if there will be a quarrel soon．注意：不用 if 引導(dǎo)表語從句。reason做主語時(shí)，表語從句應(yīng)由that引導(dǎo)，不用because。that 引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)，通常不能省略。專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1． — I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week．— Is that ______you had a few days off?A． whyB． whenC． whatD． where 2． I ask her _____ e with me．A． if she willB． if will sheC． whether will sheD． will she 3． It was a matter of _______ would take the position．A． whoB． whoeverC． whomD． whomever 4． Can you tell me ________?A． who is that gentleman isB． that gentleman is whoC． who that gentleman isD． whom is that gentleman 5． Can you tell me ________ the railway station?A． how I can get toB． what can I get toC． where I can got toD． where can I get to 6． It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants．A． howeverB． whateverC． whicheverD． whenever 7． Do you know ________ ?A． what is his nameB． how is his nameC． what his name isD． how his name is 8． Go and get your coat． It39。s________ you left it．A． thereB． whereC． there whereD． where there 9． I wonder how much ________．A． does the watch costB． did the watch costC． the watch costedD． the watch costs 10． It was _____ he said _____ disappointed me．A． what；thatB． that；thatC． what；whatD． that；what 11． “Is Mary from New York City?” “I don39。t know _______．”A． from what city does she e fromB． from what city she eC． what city does she e fromD． what city she es from 12． Henry killed the dog． I39。ll ask him why ________．A． did he do thatB． he did thatC． he didD． he has done so 13． Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know ________．A． how he is getting alongB． how is he getting alongC． what he is getting alongD． what is he getting along 14． I am sure ________ he said is true．A． thatB． about thatC． of thatD． that what 15． You can’t imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents．A． how they were excitedB． how excited they wereC． how excited were theyD． they were how excited 16． Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless．A． forB． becauseC． sinceD． that 17． We gave him ________ help we could．A． whichB． whatC． thatD． this 18． Excuse me would you please tell me ________?A． when the sports meet is taken placeB． when is the sports meet going to be heldC． when is the sports meet to beginD． when the sports meet is to take place 19． This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts．A． how you have observedB． how what you have observedC． that you have observedD． how that you have observed 20． Where do you think ________?A． has he goneB． has he beenC． he39。s goneD． was he參考答案：1． A 由句子結(jié)構(gòu)得知，空白處應(yīng)選能在表語從句中作狀語的連接副詞，A． B． D．三個(gè)答案均能滿足這一要求，但根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選A，why為連接副詞，在表語從句中作原因狀語。2． A 賓語從句作ask的直接賓語，應(yīng)用陳述句語序。3． A 空白處在賓語從句中做主語，因而可首先排除C、D兩項(xiàng)。whoever ＝ anyone who與題意不符，故答案為A。4． C 賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述句語序?！澳隳芨嬖V我那位紳士是誰嗎?”5． A 問路應(yīng)該說How can I get to…，賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述句語序，故選A。6． B 空白處為want 的賓語，應(yīng)選用連接代詞，而whichever常用作定語，whatever ＝ anything that，故答案為B。7． C8． B9． D10． A what he said在復(fù)合句中做主語，that是強(qiáng)調(diào)句用法。11． D12． B13． A14． D 在作表語的形容詞后的賓語從句中的that不可省略。15． B 這是一個(gè)由how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，在賓語從句中要用陳述句語序，故答案為B。16． D 表語從句中的that不可省略。17． B18． D19． B20． C