【正文】 re39。s changing course untrimm39。d:催折于無常的天命。But thy eternal summer shall not fade唯有你永恒的夏日常新Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow39。st,你的美貌亦毫發(fā)無損。Nor shall Death brag thou wand39。rest in his shade,死神也無緣將你幽禁，When in eternal lines to time thou grow39。So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,只要世間尚有人吟誦我的詩篇，So long lives this,and this gives life to ，永葆你的芳顏。全詩的基本格律是五音步抑揚(yáng)格（iambic pentameter），包括三個(gè)四行組（quatrain）和一個(gè)對(duì)偶句(couplet)，采用典型的莎氏十四行的韻式，即abab cdcd efef gg。二、比喻和描述有時(shí)平淡或離奇，破壞意美Sonnet 29When, in disgrace with fortune and man39。s eyes當(dāng)我受盡命運(yùn)和人們的白眼，I all alone beweep my outcast state暗暗地哀悼自己的身世飄零，And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries徒用呼吁去干擾聾瞶的昊天,And look upon my self and curse my fate顧盼著身影，詛咒自己的生辰，Wishing me like to one more rich in hope愿我和另一個(gè)一樣富于希望，F(xiàn)eatured like him,like him with friends possess39。d面貌相似，又和他一樣廣交游，Desiring this man39。s art and that man39。s scope希求這人的淵博，那人的內(nèi)行，With what I most enjoy contented least最賞心的樂事覺得最不對(duì)頭；Yet in these thought myself almost despising可是，當(dāng)我正要這樣看輕自己，Haply I think on thee,and then my state忽然想起了你，于是我的精神，Like to the lark at break of day arising便象云雀破曉從陰霾的大地From sullen earth sings hymns at heaven39。s gate振翮上升，高唱著圣歌在天門：For thy sweet love remember39。d such wealth brings一想起你的愛使我那么富有，That then I scorn to change my state with kings和帝王換位我也不屑于屈就。賞析：對(duì)社會(huì)、對(duì)自己的命運(yùn)的不滿和無奈。格律是五音步抑揚(yáng)格（iambic pentameter）.韻式，即ababcdcd efef gg。To a Waterfowl《 致 水 鳥 》by William Cullen Bryant威廉卡倫布賴恩特Whither, 39。midst falling dew,披著滴落的露珠，While glow the heavens with the last steps of day,天空燦爛，白日的行程就要結(jié)束；Far, through their rosy depths, dost thou pursue穿過玫瑰色的遙遠(yuǎn)空際，Thy solitary way?你往何方把孤單的前程追逐？總結(jié)：As the dew falls and the sun sets in the rosy depths of the heavens, I wonder where you(waterfowl)aregoing?Vainly the fowler39。s eye看你遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)飛翔而無計(jì)可施，Might mark thy distant flight to do thee wrong,捕鳥人的眼光徒勞眷顧；As, darkly painted on the crimson sky,滿天紅霞把你映襯，Thy figure floats 。總結(jié)：the hunter can bring no harm to you ,you are free and success, a hunter(fowler)might try tobring you down as you float in silhouette against the crimson evening 39。st thou the plashy brink你是在尋找開闊的大河之濱，Of weedy lake, or marge of river wide,還是波浪拍岸的水草之湖？Or where the rocking billows rise and sink或者潮水沖刷的海灘，On the chafed ocean side?那里的巨浪奔騰起伏？? 總結(jié)：are you seeking for a place that is suitable for rest? Are you looking for the marshy edge of a lake,the bank of a river, or the shore of the ocean?There is a Power whose care有上蒼把你關(guān)照，Teaches thy way along that pathless coast,在無路的海岸為你指路，The desert and illimitable air,在荒漠和無邊的空際，Lone wandering, but not 。? 總結(jié)：There is a Power that leads you on your way across deserts and through unlimited expanses of may be wandering and alone, but you are not day thy wings have fann39。d你成天翕動(dòng)翅膀，At that far height, the cold thin atmosphere:任空氣稀薄暴風(fēng)寒冷，飛在高處，Yet stoop not, weary, to the wele land,疲乏中你不肯降落舒適的大地，Though the dark night is 。總結(jié)：you have been flying the whole day, but do not stop and have a rest though dark is have been flapping your wings all day high in the sky, yet you continue on even though night is near and land beckons beneath soon that toil shall end,你很快就會(huì)結(jié)束這樣的勞苦，Soon shalt thou find a summer home, and rest,你即將找到你夏天的住處；And scream among thy fellows。reeds shall bend休息中呼喚自己的伙伴，Soon o39。er thy sheltered 。? 總結(jié)：you have a strong desire to be with your family。or, to achieve your your journey will you will descend to your summer , you will scream among others of your kind and find secure shelter among the tall 39。rt gone, the abyss of heaven你的身軀全被吞沒，Hath swallowed up thy form。yet, on my heart天堂深淵里，你蹤影全無；Deeply hath sunk the lesson thou hast given,然而你的啟迪深深留在我的心底，And shall not soon 。? 總結(jié):I can no longer see you, but I will never forget the lesson you taught , who, from zone to zone,誰，從一個(gè)地方到另一個(gè)地方，Guides through the boundless sky thy certain flight,指引你穿越無限的天空作必然的飛翔，In the long way that I must tread alone,也會(huì)在我必須獨(dú)自跋涉的長(zhǎng)途上，Will lead my steps 。賞析：There are eight 4line stanzas, in each stanza, their rhyme is abab.第五篇：英美文學(xué)《英美文學(xué)》復(fù)習(xí)方法一、找到《英美文學(xué)》的輔導(dǎo)書，例如《自考一本通》《自考直通車》等類型的漢語版輔導(dǎo)書。二、先把漢語版輔導(dǎo)書的課文翻譯通讀，理解了全書每個(gè)章節(jié)的內(nèi)容和知識(shí)點(diǎn)；用漢語記錄重點(diǎn)；三、第一輪復(fù)習(xí)順序：先看英國(guó)文學(xué)，后看美國(guó)文學(xué)按照時(shí)間順序看，每個(gè)時(shí)代都有代表性文學(xué)流派和代表作家及代表性作品按照課本的章節(jié)順序，看完漢語譯文后，對(duì)照英語譯文，劃出課本上對(duì)每個(gè)時(shí)代代表性流派，代表作家和代表作品的描述和評(píng)論。名詞性描述一般是填空題和選擇搭配題；評(píng)論部分是簡(jiǎn)單題和問答題；*只看代表性的重要信息，非代表性作品和作家生平介紹不用看；記住某個(gè)時(shí)代某個(gè)流派有哪些代表作家，哪些代表性作品及該作品的簡(jiǎn)要介紹和評(píng)論。按照章節(jié)劃出重點(diǎn)信息，然后整理筆記；全部整理完畢之后，基本上對(duì)文學(xué)史和代表文學(xué)作品有了基本了解。四、第二輪復(fù)習(xí)順序找到歷年真題，做題的時(shí)候?qū)φ沾鸢福瑢ふ以摯鸢冈谡n文原文中的原始線索，并作好整理記錄；整理理解全部真題的答案以后，對(duì)課本的重點(diǎn)知識(shí)就有了比較清楚的理解；五、考前突擊復(fù)習(xí)依據(jù)真題筆記和第二輪復(fù)習(xí)的筆記，對(duì)不熟悉的部分進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)。根據(jù)以往考題的研究，舊題還會(huì)重新考，所以大家要關(guān)注所有做過的真題和各章節(jié)中沒有考過的但屬于代表性知識(shí)的部分，這些有可能是將要考的新題。自學(xué)考試已經(jīng)有歷史了，所以過去的真題加起來也就是全書的重點(diǎn)知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，所以認(rèn)真復(fù)習(xí)真題并理解消化，整理幫助記憶，這對(duì)于考試制勝是最好的辦法。*警告：千萬不要拋開課本直接做真題；千萬不要死記硬背，而是要在理解的基礎(chǔ)上反復(fù)讀，抄寫，默記；反復(fù)整理筆記，新的筆記只記錄沒有掌握好的，直到最后的筆記成為提綱式的?！锤呒?jí)英語〉復(fù)習(xí)方法說明；一、對(duì)照輔導(dǎo)書，精讀課文，做課后練習(xí)；二、找來歷年考試真題，認(rèn)真做，查到答案在課本中的相關(guān)地方三、認(rèn)真復(fù)習(xí)真題，總結(jié)知識(shí)點(diǎn)；錯(cuò)題本，反復(fù)研究錯(cuò)題四、回到課本，從頭到尾認(rèn)真閱讀課文，全面復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)；五、整理真題，再次復(fù)習(xí)錯(cuò)題；*高級(jí)英語上下冊(cè)32個(gè)單元，復(fù)習(xí)面積很大，所以必須早動(dòng)手，狠下功夫。祝愿大家能夠取得優(yōu)秀的成績(jī)！