【正文】 。因此，GIL的充電電流低于常規(guī)高壓電纜，臨界傳輸距離長，即使長距離輸電，也不需要無功補(bǔ)償和冷卻系統(tǒng)[5]。與架空輸電線路相比，GIL高壓導(dǎo)體和接地外殼截面積大、電阻小、損耗低。例如，同樣將1400MW的電力輸送至 32km 距離處，而GIL的總損耗僅為 MW，還不到架空線路的1/3，當(dāng)輸送距離和容量更大時(shí)GIL損耗上的優(yōu)勢更加明顯。架空線路、交聯(lián)聚乙烯（XLPE）電纜、GIL線路的單位長度損耗與額定電流和輸送容量的關(guān)系如圖1所示。******00***01400XLPE 電纜GIL2500額定電流/A1800輸送容量/MVA 單位長度損耗/W/m架空輸電線路圖1 架空輸電線路、XLPE電纜和GIL線路損耗比較 Losses parison of overhead transmission line, XLPE cable and GIL由于GIL采用高壓導(dǎo)體和接地外殼同軸布置的全封閉式結(jié)構(gòu)，管道內(nèi)部的SF6氣體（或SF6混合氣體）間隙和絕緣子（支柱絕緣子和盆式絕緣子）的絕緣性能不受外界環(huán)境中各類污穢、雨雪和覆冰的影響，不存在發(fā)生污閃和覆冰閃絡(luò)的可能，可以替代高寒、多雨雪、重污穢地區(qū)的架空輸電線路。在對(duì)電磁環(huán)境要求嚴(yán)格的區(qū)域，如機(jī)場和計(jì)算中心，架空輸電線路和常規(guī)高壓電纜產(chǎn)生的電磁場能對(duì)各類電子設(shè)備產(chǎn)生干擾，使控制信號(hào)出錯(cuò)。而對(duì)于GIL，因?yàn)橹虚g高壓導(dǎo)體上輸送的電流與外殼上感應(yīng)的電流等值反向，外部空間的電磁場幾乎可忽略不計(jì)。對(duì)于額定電壓400kV的GIL， kA時(shí)，在距中間相4m的范圍外時(shí)，磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度不到2μT，而對(duì)于相同電壓等級(jí)和電流的電纜在此范圍的磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度是該值的25倍，架空線路對(duì)外產(chǎn)生磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度數(shù)值與電纜相當(dāng)。此外，采用直埋或隧道安裝的GIL，與架空線路相比，對(duì)周圍景觀影響小，適用于自然和人文景觀需要保護(hù)的地區(qū)。………………………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………………..4 結(jié)語與架空輸電線路相比，GIL具有占地空間小、受大氣環(huán)境影響小、對(duì)外不產(chǎn)生電磁干擾的優(yōu)勢；而同常規(guī)高壓電纜相比，GIL又具有輸送容量大、損耗小、無絕緣老化、適用用于垂直落差大場合的優(yōu)勢。隨著電力系統(tǒng)對(duì)輸電線路可靠性要求的提高，布置靈活的GIL可以替代架空輸電線路，成為一種在極端氣象環(huán)境下或廊道空間受限情況下安全可靠的電能輸送方式。經(jīng)過近40a的發(fā)展，GIL的設(shè)計(jì)、安裝、氣體監(jiān)測技術(shù)日趨成熟，在全世界范圍內(nèi)得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用，近年來在我國也有成功應(yīng)用的例子。隨著我國電網(wǎng)建設(shè)的迅速發(fā)展，可以預(yù)見在西電東送途徑地理和氣象環(huán)境復(fù)雜的區(qū)域，這種新型的輸電方式的應(yīng)用將會(huì)越來越受到重視。參考文獻(xiàn)：[1] BENATO B, MARIO C Di, KOCH applications of long gasinsulated lines in structures[J].IEEE Power , 1(22):619626.[2] KOCH H, HOPKINS of gas insulated lines[C]//Power Engineering Society General Meeting,June 2005:940944.[3] BENATO R, CARLINI E M, MARIO C Di, et insulated transmission lines in railway galleries [J].IEEE Power Delivery, 2005, 4(20):704709.[4] Compressed gas insulated transmission system[R].CGIT Westhoro Company of USA, 2004.[5] 邱毓昌,李六零,[J].電線電纜, 2001(4): Yuchang , LI Liuling, XIA insulation design of gas insulation duct cable[J].Wire amp。 Cable, 2001(4): 1013.[6] KUROYANAGI Y, TOYA A, HAYASHI T, et of 8000A class 275 kV gas insulated transmission line[J].IEEE Power Delivery, 1990, 1(5):1420.[7] VOLCKER O, KOCH coordination for gasinsulated transmission lines(GIL)[J].IEEE Power Delivery, 2001, 1(16):122130.[8] KOCH on gasinsulated transmission lines(GIL)technology[C]//International symposium on high voltage equipments。diagnosis, maintenance and renewal , April 28, 2008.[9] WATANABE Y, MORI S, Ninomiya K, et of first gas insulated transmission line in Japan[J].IEEE Power Apparatus and System, 1981, PAS100(10):43194329.[10] TAKINAMI N, KOBAYASHI S, MIYAZAKI of the world’s longest gas insulated transmission line in Japan [C]//Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials, June, 2003:1922.[11] CHAKIR A, KOCH term test of buried gasinsulated transmission lines(GIL)[C]//Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, Jan, 2002:13261331.[12] KOCH H, HILLERS generation gasinsulated line[J].IEE On Power Engineering Journal, 2002, 6(16):111116.[13] KOBAYASHI T, MORI S, KOSHIISHI M, et of pact 500 kV 8000 A gas insulated transmission line[J].IEEE Apparatus and Systems, 1984, PAS103(11):31543164.（責(zé)任編輯張重實(shí)）Gas insulated metal enclosed transmission line(GIL)and its applicationFAN Jianbin(China Electric Power Research Institute，Beijing 100192，China)Abstract: Transmission lines always pass through areas with plex geographical and meteorological conditions in China, and the corridor is more and more difficult to choose with the development of society and Insulated Metal Enclosed Transmission Line(GIL)with the merit of bulk power transmission, flexible layout, low impact on or of environment, can be used in those situations which the ambient conditions such as pollution, ice accretion very serious or the corridor is , the advantages of the GIL, pared with overhead transmission line and conventional high voltage electric cable, are introduced and the methods of dielectric design, onsite assembly of the modules, pensation of structure displacement and insulated gas pressure and density monitoring method are , the foreign GIL manufactures and their products applications are the matureness of technology on design, installation and gasmonitoring, GIL could be an effective selection scheme of power words: gas insulated metal enclosed transmission line。overhead power transmission line。severe environmental。particle trap。gas density （不會(huì)刊登，僅供編輯用）手機(jī)號(hào)：郵編和通信地址： 電話: 傳真: Email: