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房地產(chǎn)售房信息管理系統(tǒng)畢業(yè)設計-資料下載頁

2024-11-29 10:12本頁面

【導讀】周交給指導老師。字,并嚴格執(zhí)行。個外文字符,譯出漢字不得少于3000,于第四周交給指導老師審閱。字以上,包括綜述、系統(tǒng)總體設計、系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)、性能分析、結論等。生有能力而且可以獨立完成小中型項目的設計與開發(fā)。學?,F(xiàn)有設備和環(huán)境可以提供。給學生實習和上機,而且具有專業(yè)老師可以指導學生。進行快速有效的商業(yè)活動。隨著計算機及網(wǎng)絡技術的飛速發(fā)展,Inter/Intra應用在全球范圍內日益普及,技術及通信技術的普及,人們有越來越多的機會,訪問Inter,并從Inter中獲取資源,Inter緊密的與人們的生活聯(lián)系起來。過分析,編程對各級管理人員作決定具有重要意義的有用信息。

  

【正文】 ern. Knowing that the property names follow this pattern, other Java classes are able to use introspection to discover and manipulate JavaBean properties. The JavaBean design patterns provide access to the bean’s internal state through two flavors of methods: accessors are used to read a JavaBean’s state。 mutators are used to change a JavaBean’s state. Mutators are always prefixed with lowercase token set followed by the property name. The first character in the property name must be uppercase. The return value is always void— mutators only change property values。 they do not retrieve them. The mutator for a simple property takes only one parameter in its signature, which can be of any type. Mutators are often nicknamed setters after their prefix. The mutator method signature for a weight property of the type Double would be: public void setWeight(Double weight) A similar design pattern is used to create the accessor method signature. Accessor methods are always prefixed with the lowercase token get, followed by the property name. The first character in the property name must be uppercase. The return value will match the method parameter in the corresponding mutator. Accessors for simple properties cannot accept parameters in their method signature. Not surprisingly, accessors are often called getters. The accessor method signature for our weight property is: public Double getWeight() If the accessor returns a logical value, there is a variant pattern. Instead of using the lowercase token get, a logical property can use the prefix is, followed by the property name. The first character in the property name must be uppercase. The return value will always be a logical value— either boolean or Boolean. Logical accessors cannot accept parameters in their method signature. The boolean accessor method signature for an on property would be public boolean isOn() The canonical method signatures play an important role when working with Java Beans. Other ponents are able to use the Java Reflection API to discover a JavaBean’s properties by looking 大連交通大學信息工程學院 2020 屆本科生畢業(yè)設計 (論文 )外文翻譯 17 for methods prefixed by set, is, or get. If a ponent finds such a signature on a JavaBean, it knows that the method can be used to access or change the bean’s properties. Sun introduced JavaBeans to work with GUI ponents, but they are now used with every aspect of Java development, including web applications. When Sun engineers developed the JSP tag extension classes, they designed them to work with JavaBeans. The dynamic data for a page can be passed as a JavaBean, and the JSP tag can then use the bean’s properties to customize the output. For more on JavaBeans, we highly remend The Awesome Power of JavaBeans, by Lawrence H. Rodrigues [Rodrigues]. The definitive source for JavaBean information is the JavaBean Specification [Sun, JBS]. Model 2: The release of the Servlet/JSP Specification described Model 2 as an architecture that uses servlets and JSP pages together in the same application. The term Model 2 disappeared from later releases, but it remains in popular use among Java web developers. Under Model 2, servlets handle the data access and navigational flow, while JSP pages handle the presentation. Model 2 lets Java engineers and HTML developers each work on their own part of the application. A change in one part of a Model 2 application does not mandate a change to another part of the application. HTML developers can often change the look and feel of an application without changing how the backoffice servlets work. The Struts framework is based on the Model 2 architecture. It provides a controller servlet to handle the navigational flow and special classes to help with the data access. A substantial custom tag library is bundled with the framework to make Struts easy to use with JSP pages. Summary: In this article, we introduced Struts as an application framework. We examined the technology behind HTTP, the Common Gateway Interface, Java servlets, JSPs, and JavaBeans. We also looked at the Model 2 application architecture to see how it is used to bine servlets and JSPs in the same application. Now that you have had a taste of what it is like to develop a web application with Struts, in chapter 2 we dig deeper into the theory and practice behind the Struts architecture. 0 JSP 應用框架 什么是應用框架: 框架( framework)是可重用的,半成品的應用程序,可以用來產(chǎn)生專門的定制程序。象人一樣,軟件應用的相似性比不同點要多。它們運行在相似的機器上,期望從相同的設備輸入信息,輸出到相同的顯示設備,并且將數(shù)據(jù)存儲到相同的硬盤設備。開發(fā)傳統(tǒng)桌面應用的開發(fā)人員更習慣于那些可以涵蓋應用開發(fā)同一性的工具包和開發(fā)環(huán)境。構架在這些公共基礎上的應用框架可以為開發(fā)人員提供可以為他們的產(chǎn)品提供可重用服務的基礎架構。 框架向開發(fā)人員提供一系列具有以下特征的骨架組件: 1.已經(jīng)知道它們在其它程序 上工作得很好; 2.它們隨時可以在下一個項目中使用; 3.它們可以被組織的其它團隊使用; 對于框架是典型的構建還是購買命題。如果你自己構建它,在你完成時你就會理解它,但是在你被融入之前又將花費多長時間呢?如果要購買,你必須得克服學習曲線,同樣,在你可以用它進行工作之前又得花多長時間?這里沒有所謂正確答案,但許多觀察者都會同意,象 Struts 這樣的框架能提供比從頭開始開發(fā)更顯著的投資回報,特別是對于大型項目來說。 其它類型的框架: 框架的概念不僅用于應用程序也可用于組件。在其它的資料里面,我們也介紹了一些可以 和 Struts 一起使用的框架。這些包括 Lucene 搜索引擎, Scaffold 工具包, Struts 驗證器,以及 Tiles 標簽庫。與應用框架一樣,這些工具也提供了一些半完成的版本,可以用在用戶的定制組件之中。某些框架被限制于專門的開發(fā)環(huán)境中。 Struts 以及本文中涉及的組件卻不是這樣。你可以在很多環(huán)境中來開發(fā) Struts: Visual Age for Java, JBuilder, Eclipse, Emacs, 甚至使用 Textpad。對于你的工具,如果你可以用來開發(fā) Java, 你就可以用它來開發(fā)Struts。 使用的技術: 使用 Struts 的應用開發(fā)使用了大量的其他基礎技術。這些技術并不是專門針對 Struts,而是所有 Java web 應用都可以使用的。開發(fā)者使用 Struts 之類的框架是為了隱藏在諸如HTTP, CGI,以及 JSP 之類技術后面的繁瑣的細節(jié)。作為一個 Struts 開發(fā)者,你并不需要知曉所有的相關知識,但是這些基本技術的工作原理可能有助于你針對棘手問題設計出創(chuàng)造性的方案。 超文本傳輸協(xié)議 (HTTP): 當兩個國家之間進行調解時,外交官們總是遵循一定的正式協(xié)議。外交協(xié)議主要設計來避免誤解,以及防止談 判破裂。同樣,當計算機間需要對話,它們也遵循一個正式的協(xié)議。這個協(xié)議定義數(shù)據(jù)是如何傳輸,以及它們到達后如何進行解碼。 Web 應用程序就是使用 HTTP協(xié)議在運行瀏覽器的計算機和運行的服務器的程序間傳輸數(shù)據(jù)。 很多服務器應用程序使用 HTTP 之外的其他協(xié)議。他們在計算機之間維護一個持久性的連 1 接。應用服務器可以清楚的知道是誰連接上來,而且何時中斷連接。因為它們知道每一個連接的狀態(tài),以及每一個使用它的人。這稱之為狀態(tài)協(xié)議。 相反, HTTP 是一個無狀態(tài)協(xié)議。 HTTP Server 可以接受來自于各種客戶的各種請求,并提 供各種響應,即使是這個響應僅僅是說 No。沒有大量的協(xié)商和連接持久性,無狀態(tài)協(xié)議可以處理大量的請求。這也是 Inter 可以擴展到很多計算機的原因。 HTTP 成為通用標準的原因是其簡單性。 HT
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