企業(yè)風(fēng)險的決定性因素-資料下載頁
2025-03-04 23:28本頁面
【正文】 related to risk preference. ?在組織方面的變量中，只有組織的冒險意愿明顯預(yù)示了風(fēng)險 意愿，解釋了 10%的風(fēng)險傾向差異。 Of the anizational variables, perceived anizational willingness to take risks was the only significant predictor of risk preference, explaining an additional 10% of risk propensity variance. ?在個性變量中，管理者的成就需要和 A型行為解釋了 9%的冒 險意愿差異。 Of the personality variables, managerial need for achievement and Type A behavior accounted for another 9% of the variance in willingness to take risks. ?不考慮實際行為的風(fēng)險性，有風(fēng)險意愿的管理者更可能了解 他們的行為是多風(fēng)險的。 Managers who expressed preferences toward risks were significantly more likely to believe that their behavior were risky, regardless of the actual riskiness of their actions. ?不考慮實際的管理者的風(fēng)險傾向，與有安全意愿的管理者相 比，有風(fēng)險意愿的管理者感覺他們的選擇的風(fēng)險更多。 Regardless of actual managerial risk propensity , managers with preferences for risk perceived their selected options to be riskier than those with safer preferences. ?個人和環(huán)境因素直接或間接地影響風(fēng)險傾向。 :(contrary to our predictions) ? 人口統(tǒng)計方面的年齡和教育與管理者的風(fēng)險意愿無關(guān)。 The demographic characteristics of age and education were not related to managerial risk preference. ? 工作方面的工作年限、等級中的地位，以及組織方面的行業(yè)性質(zhì)、政府控制的程度、組織的規(guī)模與管理者的風(fēng)險意愿無關(guān)。 The workrelated characteristics of nature of industry, amount of government control, and anizational size were not related to managerial risk preferences. ? 有關(guān)個性特征中控制范圍和對意義含糊的話不能容忍的程度的假設(shè)不成立。 Our hypotheses concerning the personality traits of LOC and ambiguity intolerance were not supported. ： (1)風(fēng)險研究中測量的很多個體特征和其它的個體差別一起變動。 Many of the individual characteristics measured in risk studies covary with other individual differences. 如：性別和年齡與其它的環(huán)境和個人變量普遍聯(lián)系，以致很難測定變動的真正來源。 Gender and age are generally linked with other situational and personal variables, making it difficult to determine specific sources of variation. (2)研究設(shè)計的局限： (research design limitations) ? 回答率相對較低 (response rate was relatively low) ? 參加研究的管理者與未參加者間真實存在的差別。 (substantial differences between managers who participated in the study and managers who did not .) (3)樣本數(shù)量有限。 ： ? 由于使用了抽樣設(shè)計，研究所暗示的因果關(guān)系不能明確確定。 Because we used a crosssectional design, causality as implied by this study cannot be firmly established. ? 使用管理者觀念來評估獨立變量和從屬變量，這可能導(dǎo)致共同的方法偏見。 Another limitation of our study was in our use of managerial perceptions to assess both the independent and dependent variables,which may have resulted in a mon methods bias. ? 風(fēng)險觀念的測量僅依賴一個可靠性無法證實的條款。 The risk perception measure relied on a single item whose reliability cannot be confirmed. 本研究證明了，盡管在特殊條件下管理者的風(fēng)險行為難以預(yù)測，但總的風(fēng)險傾向是可以測定的。 Although managerial risk behavior in specific situations is difficult to predict, it is possible to determine generalized risk propensity. 戰(zhàn)洪麗制作 演講完畢，謝謝觀看！
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