【導(dǎo)讀】究工作及取得的研究成果。據(jù)我所知，除文中已經(jīng)注明引用的內(nèi)容外，本論文（設(shè)計）不包含其他個人已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的研究成果。確說明并表示謝意。（設(shè)計）的電子版和紙質(zhì)版。有權(quán)將論文（設(shè)計）用于非贏利目的的。少量復(fù)制并允許論文（設(shè)計）進入學(xué)校圖書館被查閱。保密的論文（設(shè)計）在解密后適用。比如，在炎熱的夏天人們用電風扇來降。溫；在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，大型機械用電風扇來散熱等。人工很難做到及時控制風扇的轉(zhuǎn)速，也很難有效利用寶貴的電資源。而生的溫控電風扇也逐漸走進了人們的生活中。溫控電風扇可以根據(jù)環(huán)境溫度自。的風扇、現(xiàn)在筆記本電腦上的廣泛應(yīng)用的智能CPU風扇等。本文設(shè)計了基于單。根據(jù)檢測到的溫度與系統(tǒng)設(shè)定的溫度比較實現(xiàn)風扇電機的自動啟動和。顯示檢測到的溫度與設(shè)定的溫度。系統(tǒng)的預(yù)設(shè)溫度的設(shè)置是通過兩個獨立按鍵來。實現(xiàn)的，一個增大預(yù)設(shè)溫度，一個減小預(yù)設(shè)溫度。

　　

【正文】 應(yīng)輸出口輸出不同占空比的 PWM 信號，控制電機開始轉(zhuǎn)動，并隨著環(huán)境溫度與設(shè)置溫度的差值的增加電機的轉(zhuǎn)速逐漸升高。系統(tǒng)還能動態(tài)的顯示當前溫度與設(shè)置溫度，并能通過 按鍵 調(diào)節(jié)當前的設(shè)置溫度。 系統(tǒng)功能分析 系統(tǒng)總體上由五部分組成，即按鍵與復(fù)位電路 、數(shù)碼管顯示電路、溫度檢測電路、電機驅(qū)動電路。首先考慮的是溫度檢測電路，該部分是整個系統(tǒng)的首要部瓊州學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 (設(shè)計 ) 29 分，首先要檢測到環(huán)境溫度，才能用單片機來判斷溫度的高低，然后通過單片機控制直流風扇電機的轉(zhuǎn)速；其次是電機驅(qū)動電路，該部分需要使用外圍電路將單片輸出的 PWM 信號轉(zhuǎn)化為平均電壓輸出，根據(jù)不同的 PWM 波形得到不同的平均電壓，從而控制電機的轉(zhuǎn)速。電路的設(shè)計中采用了達林頓反向驅(qū)動器ULN2803，實現(xiàn)較好的控制效果；再次是數(shù)碼管的動態(tài)顯示電路，該部分的功能實現(xiàn)對環(huán)境溫度和設(shè)置溫度的顯示，其中 DS18B20 采集環(huán)境溫度，按鍵 實現(xiàn)不同設(shè)置溫度的調(diào)整，實現(xiàn)了對環(huán)境溫度和設(shè)置溫度的及時連續(xù)顯示。 第六章 結(jié)束語 30 第六章 結(jié)束語 本次設(shè)計的系統(tǒng) 從硬件設(shè)計和軟件編寫到 Proteus 仿真，再到用單片機開發(fā)板的調(diào)試，直到最后的電路板焊接，每一個過程 都使用到大學(xué)里學(xué)到的知識，整個過程把大學(xué)里的知識系統(tǒng)的串在了一起。本系統(tǒng) 以 單片機為控制核心，以溫度傳感器 DS18B20 檢測環(huán)境溫度，實現(xiàn)了根據(jù)環(huán)境溫度變化調(diào)節(jié)不同的風扇電機轉(zhuǎn)速，在一定范圍內(nèi)能實現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)速的連續(xù)調(diào)節(jié)， LED 數(shù)碼管能連續(xù)穩(wěn)定的顯示環(huán)境 溫度與設(shè)置溫度，并能通過兩個獨立的按鍵調(diào)節(jié)不同的設(shè)置溫度，從而改變環(huán)境溫度與設(shè)置溫度的差值，進而改變電機轉(zhuǎn)速。實現(xiàn)了基于單片機的溫控風扇的設(shè)計。 本系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計可推廣到各種電動機的控制系統(tǒng)中，實現(xiàn)電動機的轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)。在生產(chǎn)生活中，本系統(tǒng)可用于簡單的日常風扇的智能控制，為生活帶來便利；在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，可以改變不同的輸入信號，實現(xiàn)對不同信號輸入控制電機的轉(zhuǎn)速，進而實現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)自動化，如在電力系統(tǒng)中可以根據(jù)不同的負荷達到不同的電壓信號，再由電壓信號調(diào)節(jié)不 同的發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)速，進而調(diào)節(jié)發(fā)電量，實現(xiàn)電力自動化調(diào)節(jié)。綜上所述，本系統(tǒng)的 設(shè)計在我們的日常生產(chǎn)和生活中將有著重要的意義 。 瓊州學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 (設(shè)計 ) 31 參考文獻 [1] 林立 ,張俊亮 ,曹旭東 ,劉德軍 .單片機原理及應(yīng)用 [M].電子工業(yè)出版社 ,2020. [2] 徐瑞華 .單片機原理與接口技術(shù) [M].2020. [3] 李學(xué)龍 .使用單片機控制的智能遙控風扇 [J].電子電路制作 ,2020,9:1315. [4] 郭天祥 .新概念 51 單片機 C 語言教程 [M].電子工業(yè)出版社 ,2020. [5] 胡全 .51 單片機的數(shù)碼管動態(tài)顯示技術(shù) [J].信息技術(shù) ,2020,13:2526. [6] 王會明 .智能電風扇控制器的研制 [J].電子與自動化 ,1998,5(4):2526. [7] 孫號 .Proteus 軟件在設(shè)計電子電路中的應(yīng)用 [J].儀表技術(shù) ,2020,8:7475. [8] 李剛 .總線數(shù)字溫度傳感器 DS18B20 原理及應(yīng)用 [J],現(xiàn)代電子技術(shù) , 2020, 28(21):7799. [9] Ylai,Y, dimensional nonlinear analysis for temperature characterist of ventilated embankment in permafrost regions[J].Gold Regions Science and Technology,2020,38(2):165184. [10] Cheng engineering in permafrost areas[J].Journal of Glac iology and Geocryology(in Chinese),2020,23(3):21317. 瓊州學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 (設(shè)計 ) 32 附 錄 Introduction and application of Protues software Single chip microputer in many of the products are widely used, whether 51series, AVR, or PIC series, they each have their own characteristics, the learner is also increasing year by year, but in the study of the development process, we often do after the plan test expenditure is usually very big, especially for some students or for beginners to this they may bee a barrier to learning. We use Proteus software since greatly saves the time and cost of development. In particular, this software will be used in the development of SCM is a good choice. Here we mainly talk about the Proteus software and Keil software integration and application. Proteus is currently the best singlechip peripheral device simulation tool, it can simulate 51series, AVR, PIC and other monly used MCU and peripheral circuits ( such as LCD, RAM, ROM, keyboard, motor, LED, AD / DA, part of SPI device, part of the IIC device ... ). This article is based on and KEIL uVision3 software. Of course, software simulation precision is limited, and may not all devices are found and corresponding simulation model, with a development board and the emulator is certainly the best choice, but for singlechip lovers, or simple development should be a good choice. Proteus and other singlechip simulation software is different, it not only can the simulation chip CPU work, also can the simulation chip peripheral circuit or chip in other working conditions of the circuit. The simulation and debugging, concern is not certain when the statement is executed chip registers and memory contents are changed, but from the point of view of project program and circuit directly to see the work process and the results. For this experiment, tell from some kind of meaning, is made up of experiment and engineering application of the contradiction and phenomenon. Run the Proteus ISIS program, enter the software main interface. Before work, to set up under the View menu to capture the alignment and system under the graphical 瓊州學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文 (設(shè)計 ) 33 interface color, size and other projects. Through a toolbar in P ( selected from the library ponent mand ) mand, in the pick devices window selection circuit ponents required for placing the ponents, and the adjustment of its relative position, ponent parameter setting, the connection between the ponents, preparation process。 in the source menu Define code generation tools menu mand, select tools, piler path, extension project。 in the source menu Add / remove source files mand, adding hardware circuit corresponding to the program through the debug menu mands。 the corresponding simulation program and circuit operation. Proteus software provides more than 30ponent library, thousands of ponents. Element relates to a digital and analog, AC and DC. Proteus provides rich test signals used in circuit test. These test signals including the analog signal and digital signal. The hardware circuit and software debugging, Proteus provides two kinds of methods: one is the overall system performance, a kind of software is divided step tries to look at the specific implementation. For the overall performance of the debugging method, only need to perform under the debug menu menu item execute or F12 shortcut to start execution, using debug menu under the pause animation menu item or pause bond suspended the operation of the system。 or the debug menu under the stop animation menu items or shiftbreak key bination to stop the operation of the system. Its mode of operation can also choose the corresponding tools toolbar. For software debugging step by step, should first run under the debug menu start / restart debugging menu mand, then can choose Stepover, step into and step out mand execution program ( you can use shortcut keys to F10, F11and ctrl+F11), executive effect is a single sentence execution, execution and jump into subrouti