【導讀】單相數(shù)字電度表設計。隨著經(jīng)濟的迅速發(fā)展用電量日益增加為電網(wǎng)的穩(wěn)定運行帶來了諸多不良因。素國家采取多費率用電政策以消峰填谷平衡用電復費率電度表已經(jīng)大規(guī)模取代。表的生產(chǎn)已成規(guī)模但是價格低廉運行穩(wěn)定可靠性高抗干擾能力強的數(shù)字電度表。本設計是基于單片機STC89C52RC的單相電度表設計能實現(xiàn)家庭用電計費并。能完成分時計費功能本設計還有數(shù)字鐘的功能能夠顯示時間還配有三個按鍵能。夠?qū)r間進行調(diào)整硬件外圍電路采用模塊化設計其中電壓電流采樣模塊實現(xiàn)了。將電網(wǎng)中的不可直接測量的大電壓大電流轉(zhuǎn)變成為可以用來處理測量的小電壓。小電流把采集的數(shù)據(jù)通過ADC0832把數(shù)據(jù)送給單片機電源模塊為整個智能電表。動前的動態(tài)自檢程序計量電量的電能脈沖采集程序數(shù)據(jù)信息處理和交換的數(shù)據(jù)。存儲程序通訊中斷子程序在單片機的核心控制下實現(xiàn)了數(shù)字電度表電能分時段。第1章電度表的分類及本設計方案選定3. §非正弦波形的電壓電流不同功率因數(shù)下的功率的測量9. §電源端的干擾防護23. §5V直流電源的實現(xiàn)24

　　

【正文】 調(diào)試 由于本次設計的軟件分為許多塊所以軟件調(diào)試也是每一塊單獨調(diào)試后再整體調(diào)試從而是錯誤一點一點出現(xiàn)再解決這樣是程序調(diào)試變得簡單 本程序沒有一次調(diào)試成功出現(xiàn)了許許多多錯誤總結(jié)如下 1 中斷錯誤本程序 用了兩個中斷但剛開始調(diào)試程序時把兩個中斷寫成interrupt 0 和 interrupt 1 這樣就會使一個定時器中斷不能工作應該為interrupt 1 和 interrupt 3 2 中斷初始化錯誤在起初初始化中斷時我把 TMOD 設了兩次分別問 0x01 和0x10 這樣的話只能使定時器 1 工作應該為 0x11 才行 3 AD 程序錯誤 ADC0832 從第 4 個脈沖下沉開始由 DO 端輸出轉(zhuǎn)換數(shù)據(jù)最高位DATA7隨后每一個脈沖下沉 DO端輸出下一位數(shù)據(jù)直到第 11個脈沖時發(fā)出最低位數(shù)據(jù) DATA0[17]一個字節(jié)的數(shù)據(jù)輸出完成也正是從此 位開始輸出下一個相反字節(jié)的數(shù)據(jù)即從第 11個字節(jié)的下沉輸出 DATD0而本程序在到 11個脈沖時接收的是最低數(shù)據(jù)剛好相反使數(shù)據(jù)計算錯誤 4 有用功算法錯誤這塊程序是最難的部分最開始的時候我沒有把有用功的余數(shù)單獨提取出來這樣少算了很多度數(shù) 結(jié) 論 本設計是基于 STC89C52RC 的單相數(shù)字電度表的設計本電度表能夠?qū)彝ビ秒娺M行計費也解決了錯峰分段計費問題以及體現(xiàn)出節(jié)約用電的思想本電度表首先通過電流和電壓數(shù)據(jù)采集電路把電流和電壓數(shù)據(jù)送到雙通道 ADC0832 進行數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換然后通過編寫的電能算法程序在單片機內(nèi)部進行電能計 算最后再把計算的數(shù)據(jù)顯示在 LCD1602 上為了解決錯峰分段計費問題本設計還編寫電子鐘程序這就使電度表能在相應的時間進行相應計費本設計還連接了三個按鍵便于對電度表的調(diào)時 通過本設計使我學會了 ADC0832和 LCD1602的使用并對電流和電壓的數(shù)據(jù)采集電路有了一定的了解對 C 語言有了更進一步的了解但由于資金的限制本設計還有很多不足比如本設計沒有使用專業(yè)的電流和電壓數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊也沒有用內(nèi)部集成電能算法的 AD 芯片這就使本設計的設計精度受到了影響這些問題還需要再以后的學習和工作中得到完善和解決 本設計的研究雖然取得了 初步的成功但是對于整個系統(tǒng)的完善以及投入實際的應用還有很多工作要做對于今后在本課題基礎上進行進一步的研究和開發(fā)可以歸納為以下幾點 1 完善硬件功能對于硬件的信號調(diào)理電路以及功能擴展電路進行設計與完善 2 完成其他功能模塊的驅(qū)動程序設計 3 提高系統(tǒng)的可靠性和抗干擾能力設計 參考文獻 [1] 唐介．電工學． 2 版．北京高等教育出版社 2020 年． 2530 [2] 李建斌張順．全電子式預付費磁卡電度表的應用及其效益分析 [J]．科技情報開發(fā)與經(jīng)濟 202020 5 189190 [3] 羅恂丁慶生．基于 RFID 的 預付費電度表的研制 [J]．單片機與嵌入式系統(tǒng)應用 2020 9 7173 [4] 吳安嵐．電能計量基礎及新技術(shù)．北京中國水利水電出版社 2020 [5] 洪志良王曉悅李天望．過采樣∑一△ AD 轉(zhuǎn)換器．微電子學 199828 8 265271 [6] 程佩青．數(shù)字信號處理教程．北京清華大學出版社 2020 [7] 夏繼強．單片機實驗與實踐教程．北京京航空航天大學出版社 2020年． 2528 [8] 余錫存．單片機原理及接口技術(shù)．西安西安電子科技大學出版社 2020年 3545 [9] 南建輝． MCS51 單片機原理 及應用實例．北京清華大學出版社 2020 年3045 [10] 孫安青． AT89S51 單片機實驗及實踐教程． 51 大蝦網(wǎng)． 2020 年． [11] 晏劍輝．基于 AT89C51 單片機的智能儀表設計與實現(xiàn)．瀘州瀘州職業(yè)技術(shù)學院出版社 2020 年． 3539 [12] 杜洋． AD 轉(zhuǎn)換芯片 ADC0832 的應用．中國知網(wǎng)． 2020 年． [13] 李常波．電子電度表電源設計．電源技術(shù)應用 2020 3 1518 [14] 徐瑋． 1602 字符型液晶顯示篇．中國知網(wǎng) 2020 年． [15] 譚浩強． C 程序設計． 3 版．北京清華大學出 版社 2020 年 2028 [16] Li XinfuLiu Jiaomin and Cui Yulong． A wavelet approach for rms and harmonics measurements． IEEE Proc Robotic Intelligent Systems Signal Processing20202 10 12301234 [17]VentoJApplication of Labview in Higher Education LaboratoresFrontiers in Education Conference1988Proceedings 2225 Oct1988 Page s 444– 447 致 謝 彈指一揮間四年充實的大學生活即將畫上句號在此我要深深感謝所有曾給予我關(guān)心和支持的老師和同學們 畢業(yè)設計是大學生活最重要的一部分在做畢業(yè)設計的這段日子里大家共同研究討論攻克難關(guān)同時又參閱了大量國內(nèi)外專家學者的著作使我了解更多的知識學到了很多東西 當然限于學生的水平設計中難免有不足和疏漏之處歡迎老師們批評指正 最后衷心感謝尊敬的老師們在百忙中抽出時間評審我的論文 附 錄 1 單相數(shù)字電度表硬件原理圖 附 錄 2 單相數(shù)字電度表 PCB 制板圖 附 錄 3 PCB3D 視圖 外文資料翻譯 Description The single slice machine is also called tiny controller is because it was used in the industry to control realm at the earliest stage Single slice machine from inside chip have CPU appropriation processor to develop only since then At the earliest stage of design the principle is to pass to integrate a great deal of peripherals and CPU in a chip making calculator system smaller integrating more easily into plicated of but to mention to request a strict control equipments in the middle The INTEL Z80 is the processor which designed according to this kind of thought at the earliest stage from now on single slice the development of the machine and appropriation processor went by different roads then The single slice of the earlier period all of machines are 8 or 4Among them the INTEL is most successful of 8031 because of in brief dependable but the function was quite good to acquire very big good opinion Henceforth at 8031 up developed MCS51 series a single slice machine system According to the single slice of this system machine system is still in the extensive usage till now Because the industry controls the exaltation of[with] realm request starting appearing 16 single slice machine but because sex price wanted to dont get a very extensive application than the disregard Develop greatly along with the consumption electronics product after 90s the single slice machine technique got a huge exaltation Along with the extensive application of INTEL i 960 series especially later ARM series the 32 single slice machine replaces 16 single slice the high level position of the machine quickly and gets into an essential market And traditional of 8 single slice the function of the machine also got to fly to raise soon handling an ability to pare with to raise few a hundredfold in 80sCurrently 32 single slice of the high level with main machine already over 300 MHzs the function keeps appropriation processor of making track for the mid 90s and the mon model number factory price drop into to USD 1 tallest carry of model number also only USD 10The contemporary and single slice machine system has already no longer developed and used just under the naked machine environment the in great quantities appropriative builtin operate system is applied extensively in the whole serieseses of the single slice is on board But be the high level of handheld PC and cellular phone core processing single slice the machine even can use appropriative Windows and the Linux operate system directly Single slice the machine ratio appropriation processor is the most suitable to match to apply in the builtin system so it got the most applications In fact the single slice machine is an amount the most calculators are in the world The modern mankind are living medium use of assemble in almost each electronics and machine product have a single slice machine All have 12 single slice machine in the puter accessories such as cellular phone telephone calculator home appliances electronics toy handheld PC and mouse etc And personal puter in would also capable number not a few single slice the machine be working Provide with more than 40 departments a single slice machine generally on the car plicated industrys controlling the top of the system even may has single several hundred pedestals slices machine to work in the meantime Single slice t