國際農(nóng)藥政策發(fā)展-agriculturalpestic-資料下載頁
2025-01-22 10:04本頁面
【正文】 影響 farmers wasting their money. 浪費(fèi)農(nóng)民的錢 Integrated Pest Management (IPM) helps prevent the development of pests and diseases and reduces the need for pesticides. 有害生物綜合治理可以幫助阻止有害生物和病害的發(fā)展，降低對農(nóng)藥的需求。 27 Growing attention for IPM 對 IPM越來越多的關(guān)注 Concerns about adverse effects of pesticides, notably on food safety, and growing recognition that agricultural intensification needs to be sustainable 因為對農(nóng)藥負(fù)面影響的擔(dān)心，特別是在食品安全方面，以及逐漸認(rèn)識到加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)是一個需要持續(xù)發(fā)展的過程，導(dǎo)致了： Increased attention to IPM 對 IPM越來越多的關(guān)注 As reflected in: 反映在 International policies (FAO, World Bank, IFCS) 國際政策（ FAO，世界銀行， IFCS） National policies (EU and many individual countries) 國家政策（歐盟和許多其他國家） Commercial operations – private sector (food industry and crop protection industry).商業(yè)運(yùn)作－私人部門 （食品行業(yè)和植保行業(yè)） 28 The role of IPM in FAO Policy IPM在 FAO政策中的作用 Implementation of the Code of Conduct 行為守則的執(zhí)行 Revision of 2023 puts more emphasis on IPM 在 2023年 的修訂版中給與了 IPM重點關(guān)注 Mainstreaming principles of IPM in all work on plant production and 將 IPM作為主要的準(zhǔn)則 IPM is now considered an integral part of pesticide risk reduction. IPM現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)為是降低農(nóng)藥風(fēng)險不可或缺的一部分 29 General trends 總體方向 Concerns about food safety (pesticide residues): 有關(guān)食品安全方面的問題（農(nóng)藥殘留） Review/tightening of MRLs （評價 /加強(qiáng) MRLs） Strict enforcement of MRLs （嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行 MRLs） GAP （良好農(nóng)業(yè)規(guī)范） Other health concerns:其他健康問題 Phasing out of highly toxic products 消減高毒產(chǎn)品 Cut off points for chronic health hazards 消除慢性健康風(fēng)險 Implications for pesticide use in countries exporting agricultural produce在農(nóng)產(chǎn)品出口國家使用農(nóng)藥 蘊(yùn)含的問題 30 General trends 總體方向 Characteristics of tomorrows products 將來產(chǎn)品的特性 selective, pestspecific (limited damage to beneficials) 有選擇性的，防治特定目標(biāo)的 （限制對有益生物的危害） low acute human toxicity 對人類的急性毒性低 no long term health effects 沒有長期的健康影響 degrade into innocuous ponents 降解成無毒的成分 31 Tomorrow’s products .... Are these more expensive? 未來的產(chǎn)品會更貴嗎？ Relative costs Direct Indirect 相關(guān)的費(fèi)用 直接的 間接的 Old products 老產(chǎn)品 Low低 High低 New products新產(chǎn)品 High高 Low高 Indirect costs include:間接的費(fèi)用包括 cost for PPE：個人防護(hù)裝備的費(fèi)用 health costs 健康費(fèi)用 costs associated with water contamination 和水污染有關(guān)的費(fèi)用 32 Tomorrow’s products .... Are these more expensive? 未來的產(chǎn)品會更貴嗎？ So, newer, less hazardous products Tend to be more expensive for the user Tend to involve less costs for the public Regulation serves to minimize public cost 于是，新的、毒性更低的產(chǎn)品 趨向于對使用者來說更貴 而對公眾來說，涉及的費(fèi)用會更低 管理的目的就是降低公眾的費(fèi)用 33 Thank You 謝 謝 34 謝謝觀看 /歡迎下載 BY FAITH I MEAN A VISION OF GOOD ONE CHERISHES AND THE ENTHUSIASM THAT PUSHES ONE TO SEEK ITS FULFILLMENT REGARDLESS OF OBSTACLES. BY FAITH I BY FAITH
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