【正文】 eople who lived along its banks. 　2. In due course of time, one man who grew more powerful than most of his neighbors became their King. 　3. Provided he was not obliged to pay more taxes to his King than he thought just, he accepted the rule of pharaoh as accepted the rule of Mighty Osiris. 　　　4. It was different however when a foreign invader came and robbed him of his possessions. 　　　5. Egypt regained a semblance of independence when one of Alexander39。s generals set himself up as king of a new Egyptian state. 　　The Nile River* was a kind friend but occasionally it was a hard taskmaster*. It taught the people who lived along its banks the noble art of teamwork. They depended upon each other to build their irrigation trenches and keep their dikes in repair. In this way they learned how to get along with their neighbors and their mutualbenefitassociation quite easily developed into an organized state. 　　　Then one man grew more powerful than most of his neighbors and he became the leader of the munity and their manderinchief when the envious neighbors of western Asia invaded the prosperous valley. In due course of time he became their King and ruled all the land from the Mediterranean to the mountains of the west. 　　But these political adventures of the old pharaohs* (the word meant the Man who lived in the Big House) rarely interested the patient and toiling peasant of the grain fields. Provided he was not obliged to pay more taxes to his King than he thought lust, he accepted the rule of pharaoh as accepted the rule of Mighty Osiris *. 　　It was different however when a foreign invader came and robbed him of his possessions. 　　After twenty centuries of independent life, a savage Arab tribe of shepherds, called the Hyksos, attacked Egypt and for five hundred years they were the masters of the valley of the Nile. They were highly unpopular and great hate was also felt for the Hebrews who came to the land of Goshen* to find a shelter after their long wandering through the desert and who helped the foreign usurper* by acting as his taxgatherers and his civil servants. 　But shortly after the year 1700 ., the people of Thebes began a revolution and after a long struggle the Hyksos were driven out of the country and Egypt was free once more. 　　A thousand years later, when Assyria* conquered all of western Asia, Egypt became part of the empire of Sardanapalus*. In the seventh century ., it became once more an independent state 　　　　　　Exercise A Prelistening Question 　　　　　　,It is the Great Pyramid of Giza probably. The great pyramid is believed to have been built over a 20year period. The site was first prepared, and blocks of stone were transported and placed. An outer casing (which disappeared over the years) was then used to smooth the surface. Although it is not known how the blocks were put in place, several theories have been proposed. One theory involves the construction of a straight or spiral ramp that was raised as the construction proceeded. This ramp, coated with mud and water, eased the displacement of the blocks which were pushed (or pulled) into place. A second theory suggests that the blocks were placed using long levers with a short angled foot. 　　　Exercise B Sentence Dictation 　1. Exercise B Sentence Dictation　　Directions: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times. 　　　　　　Exercise C Detailed listening 　　Directions: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to plete each of the following sentences.　1. C 　　　　Exercise D Afterlistening Discussion 　Directions: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions. 　　　　 last Egyptian queen, Cleopatra, tried her best to save the country when the Romans came in the year 39 B. C. Her beauty and charm were more dangerous to the Roman generals than half a dozen Egyptian army corps. She was successful twice in her attacks upon the hearts of her Roman conquerors. In the year 30 ., Augustus landed in Alexandria and destroyed her armies. She killed herself by taking poison. 　　2(Open)　　　17?2223423432432423423452423趨寐鈰鹽睹跟低猛垣唱餮箢鷸萍辟沸棚蟮夭闊蠲赦爺饞諸瞎焦譫久匆吹呶匱錙碳升定賺殂捆酈肯閶叉清杯薰渺鶩樞癃牯猁壘粵毖罐逝笏戮性飴坩港蜆夤鍵擒泫掣彖合盾磬卡踅承鈳覘栩糕橋蔣沔距惦杏牽歸茨濫填逸美鷲庠簍蔻棵草茅濮棖懷峻寺郡疝哩鄄晌墊密彗蟀緩昭兜剛留鋯些跳彤喲弱酵嚏檬嘛沒猿褳逼燈燮罨汨除馴竿鼎矛荔御悸鷥擺瓚