【正文】 r alterable even into old age. Sometimes our ideas and thought habits are fixed when we are very young, and therefore we are unable to absorb new ideas. Only in a few rare cases people will still be open or alterable even into old age. to bee fixed Yet when full allowance has been made for all these nonrational factors in the determination of opinion, there remains—not in all minds, not in most minds, but in some—a desire to discover the facts。 to think things out in a clear and rational way。 to get at the truth at all costs, whatever it may turn out to be! 然而 ， 充分考慮了決定觀點(diǎn)的所有這些非理性因素之后 ， 仍然 并非在所有人思想中 ， 也不是在多數(shù)人思想中 ， 而是在某些人思想中 ——存在著一種發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)真相的渴望 ， 希望以清晰而且理性的方式思考問題 ， 不惜任何代價(jià)去探索真理 ， 也不管結(jié)果如何 ！ Yet in spite of all these factors which make it difficult for people to form their opinions rationally, there are still some people who have a desire to think in a clear and rational way。 and to do everything possible to find the truth, no matter whether the truth is pleasant or unpleasant. make allowances： to take sth. into consideration 體諒，把?？紤]在內(nèi) I am tired of making allowances for his lack of experiences. Making allowances for bad weather and for my own laziness, I think that the job will be finished before the end of the year. Considerable allowance will be made for special cases. 對(duì)特殊情況將給予充分的照顧 。 ?Theme: The article is meant to serve as a suggestive example of a curious, inquiring mind at work. It encourages us to find out how we came by our beliefs and manage to be bold enough to test our beliefs. Theme Text Analysis Part 1 (Para. 1) : Part 2 (Paras. 2—21) : Part 3 (Paras. 22— 25) : Text Analysis Text Structure The author’s proposition of the general practice of thinking The author’s analysis of five nonrational factors in the determination of people’s opinions The author’s encouragement on clear, fresh and rational ways of thinking Text Analysis Question: According to the author, what are the five sources for many of our groundless beliefs? 1. Result of early environment 2. Parroting 3. Selfinterest 4. Sentimental associations 5. Fashion Writing Device Ellipsis Ellipsis Writing Device Ellipsis: a figure of speech characterized by the omission of one or more words that, while essential to the grammatical structure of the sentence, are easily supplied by the reader. Ellipsis: examples Writing Device But if the staunchest Roman Catholic and the staunchest Presbyterian had been exchanged when (they were) infants, and if they had been brought up with home and all other influences reserved, we can have little doubt what the result would have been. (Para. 3) Sometimes it does rain—and (it does rain) hard. He saw her lying there. Dead. Quiz C B 1. I only know the man by ___ but I have never spoken to him. A. chance B. heart C. sight D. experience 2. Being colourblind, Sally can’t make a _____ between red and green. A. difference B. distinction C. parison D. division Relevant to Simultaneous：同時(shí) Part with: 放棄、花掉 、賣掉 C C 3. You must insist that students give a truthful answer ___ with the reality of their world. A. relevant B. simultaneous C. consistent D. practical 4. In order to raise money, Aunt Nicola had to ___ with some of her most treasured possessions. A. divide B. separate C. part D. abandon Working order: 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)情況、工作狀態(tài) Distaste for: 不喜歡、厭惡、反感 Dissatisfaction with / at： Dismay：驚恐 A B 5. The car was in good working ___ when I bought it a few months ago. A. order B. form C. state D. circumstance 6. The customer expressed her ___ for that broad hat. A. disapproval B. distaste C. dissatisfaction D. dismay Quiz D B 7. In order to repair barns, build fence, grow crops, and care for animals a farmer must indeed be ___. A. restless C. strong B. skilled D. versatile 8. His expenditure on holidays and luxuries is rather high in ___ to his ine. A. parison B. proportion C. Association D. calculation Components:零部件 B 11. Basically a robot is a machine which moves, manipulates, joins or processes ____ in the same way as human hand or arm. A. characters B. ponents C. catalogues D. collections Quiz Forsake： 遺棄 Censor： 審查、檢查 C A 13. Most importantly, such an experience helps ____ a heightened sensitivity to other cultures and will bring about a greater appreciation of one’s own culture as well. A. coach B. forsake C. foster D. censor 14. When Ann broke the dish she tried to put the ____ back together. A. fragments B. pieces C. bits D. slices Quiz Respective：分別的 Respectful：表示尊重的 C 17. The audience waited in ___ silence while their aged speaker searched among his note for the figures he could not remember. A. respective B. respect C. respectful D. respectable Quiz 19. When he was asked about the missing briefcase, the man ____ ever seeing it. A. refused B. denied C. opposed D. resisted 20. Communication between a young couple is a(n) ____ business. A. sharp B. dreadful C. intense D. delicate Intense:強(qiáng)烈的、劇烈的、熱情的 delicate:令人愉快的、體貼的 B D Quiz