專四練習(xí)之語法(從屬結(jié)構(gòu))-資料下載頁
2025-08-04 23:48本頁面
【正文】 I?m taller than he (is tall ). ? The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ). ? ? 就狀語從句而言 ,有時(shí)為了使語言言簡(jiǎn)意賅 ,常常將狀語從句進(jìn)行 簡(jiǎn)化 。狀語從句的 簡(jiǎn)化 現(xiàn)象在口語中較為普遍 , 狀語從句的 簡(jiǎn)化 現(xiàn)象常存在于以下五種狀語從句中 :① 由 if, unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句 。② 由 although, though, even if / though等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句 。③ 由 when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句 。④由 as, as if等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句 。⑤ 由 as, than等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句。下面針對(duì)這五種情形作一歸納。 ? ?(1)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語是 it,且謂語動(dòng)詞是 be時(shí) ,it和 be要完全簡(jiǎn)化掉。例如 : ? If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the ,他會(huì)幫你擺脫困境。 ? You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to 說不方便 ,否則你必須出席這次會(huì)議。 ? ? (2)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致時(shí) ,從句可以將主語和 be動(dòng)詞簡(jiǎn)化掉。常用于以下幾種情形 : ? +形容詞 ? As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a 。 ? Whenever (she is) free, she often goes 。 ? Work hard when (you are) young, or you?ll ,老大徒傷悲。 ? ? +名詞 ? While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help 就樂于助人。 ? Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous ,但現(xiàn)在他是位著名的導(dǎo)演了。 ? +現(xiàn)在分詞 ? As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop 河堤邊走邊唱著流行歌曲。 ? Although (he is) doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good ,但他仍然沒有取得好成績(jī)。 ? +過去分詞 ? He won39。t go there with us unless (he is) ,否則他不會(huì)和我們一道去那里。 ? The concert was a great success than (it was) 得了巨大成功。 ? ? +不定式 ? He stood up as if (he were) to say 。 ? He wouldn?t solve the problem even if (he were) to take ,他也解決不了這個(gè)問題。 ? ? +介詞短語 ? She looked anxious as though (she was) in ,好像遇到了麻煩。 ? He had mastered the English language before (he was) in the 語了。 ? 注意 :當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語不一致時(shí) ,從句部分要么用完全形式 ,要么用 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 來表達(dá)。例如 : ? When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the ,人們都走出了會(huì)議室。 (=The meeting over, ? [考題 1] When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____. (1995) ? A. breaks B. has broken ? C. were broken D. had been broken ? [答案 ] C ? [解析 ] 當(dāng)說話者認(rèn)為句子所述的是真實(shí)情況或者是極有可能發(fā)生、 存在的情況時(shí)， as if/though引導(dǎo)的方式 狀語 從句需用陳述語氣形式。 但表示所敘述的情況與事實(shí)相反時(shí) as if從句中應(yīng)使用虛擬語氣。注意比較以下兩個(gè)例句： ? He walks as if he is drunk. ? He walks as if he were drunk. ? 前一句表示“他已經(jīng)醉了”， 后一句則表示“他沒有醉”。 ?[考題 2] Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ____ yesterday. (2022) ? A. was happening B. happens ? C. has happened D. happened ? [答案 ] D ? [解析 ] as if后的 謂語動(dòng)詞 應(yīng)采用一般過去時(shí)的形式與狀語 yesterday搭配， 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在真實(shí)情況的虛擬。 無動(dòng)詞分句 ?實(shí)際上是一種省略結(jié)構(gòu)，所謂無動(dòng)詞是指這種分句結(jié)構(gòu)既沒有限定動(dòng)詞詞組也沒有非限定動(dòng)詞詞組作謂語動(dòng)詞。因此，它既不同于限定分句，也不同于非限定分句，無動(dòng)詞分句基本上屬于 SVC句型，只是動(dòng)詞不表示出來，主語也通常不表示出來。 ?Speechless, Victor Henry nodded and sat on a folding seat. ?Big and fat, she went to Mass every Sunday morning. ?An excellent speaker, he was never at a loss for a word. ?It has little taste, unless hot. ?You must eat it when fresh
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